Question

Please help to answer these question

Case Study:

Billy John, an 80-year-old man, what brought to the hospital by his daughter because she says that he has been complaining of chest pain and a hard time catching his breath when walking for the past few days. She notified the nurse that he was recently diagnosed with small cell lung cancer about a month ago.

He has smoked since he was in his teens, and about a pack each day, for about 65 years. About 10 years ago, he retired from working in a mine for five days a week, about 10-hour shift.

Questions:

1. What are common manifestations the nurse should look out for when caring for Billy John?  

2. Why is Lung cancer so difficult to diagnose?

3. What should the nurse take into consideration in order to provide the best care for Billy John?

4. What diagnostic tests might Billy John have undergone related to his lung cancer?

5. What are the stages of lung cancer? What stages are going to be easier to treat?

6. What type of treatments would be offered to Billy John for his lung cancer?

7. Before being discharged, what education advice should be given to Billy John and his daughter?  

8. What kind of supportive care can be offered to the patient and to the patients’ family members?

9. How can the nurse minimize complications and promote recovery? What should they observe for to help them recover more quickly?

10. What type of medications could be prescribed for Billy John?

Answer 1

1.Manifestations are chest pain,dyspnea,shortness of breath,cough and sputum discharge colour should take into consideration.

2.Lung cancer show its symptoms only after the disease gets fully progressed.Often the symptoms are suspected only for the minor lung infections hence it is difficult to diagnose the lung cancer.

3.Care is given mainly to provide relief or else the reduce the symptoms of the client.Health educate the client to avoid smoking and allow some care in clinical classes which deals with methods to refrain from smoking.Provide counselling session to the client.

4.Sputum cytology,imaging tests(CT,MRI,PET),Biopsy testing,Thoracentesis and bronchoscopy.

5.Stages of lung cancer

Stage	size	Metastasis
Stage 1	5 cm	Localized inside lungs
Stage 2	7 cm	may or may not to lymph nodes
Stage 3	>7cm	Nearby lymph nodes
Stage 4	Any size but not Less than 5 cm	Distant parts

Tumour size less than 5 cm is not able to spread hence the stage 1 is easy to treat because being localized in one area is easy to treat .

6.Surgery for tumour removal, chemotherapy,radiation therapy and immunotherapy.

7.Education about healthy life style,Avoiding smoking,Treatment regimens and old age care.

8.Supportive care is providing emotional support to the client and his family.

9.Providing comfortable position and environment reduce the symptoms and reduce complications.In addition to that the treatment will speed up the recovery.

10 .Chemotherapy is the prescribed type of medication.