Question

ECG Chest x-ray CT of head 6. Treatment Identify drugs that are used to treat a patient with syncope and altered mental status. Complete the table using Deglin et al, Davis's Drug Guide for Nurses 12e, or other drug reference. Dose, Route, Frequency Medication Indication Side Effect Nursing Implications Toprol XL 50 mg po daily Lisinipril 10 mg po daily Lasix 40 mg po daily MVI 1 tab po Continued

Answer 1

Ans) Toprol XL 50 mg po daily

Indication:

- Hypertension.
- Angina Pectoris
- Heart Failure.

Side effects:

- abdominal cramps
- diarrhea
- constipation
- heartburn
- vomiting
- dry mouth
- headache
- fatigue

Nursing implication:

- May cause drowsiness. Caution patient to avoid driving or other activities that require alertness until response to the drug is known. Advise patient to change positions slowly to minimize orthostatic hypotension. Caution patient that this medication may increase sensitivity to cold.

2) Lisinopril 10 mg PO daily:

Indication:

- Lisinopril tablet USP is indicated for the treatment of hypertension in adult patients and pediatric patients 6 years of age and older to lower blood pressure. Lowering blood pressure lowers the risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events, primarily strokes and myocardial infarctions.

Side effects:

- dizziness.
- cough.
- headache.
- high potassium levels.
- diarrhea.
- low blood pressure.
- chest pain.
- fatigue.

Nursing implications:

- ACE inhibitors; Concurrent use with aliskiren in patients with diabetes or moderate- to-severe renal impairment (CCr 60 mL/min); OB: Can cause injury or death of fe- tus – if pregnancy occurs, discontinue immediately; Lactation: Discontinue drug or use formula.

Lasix 40 mg por daily:

Indication:

- LASIX is indicated in adults and pediatric patients for the treatment of edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. LASIX is particularly useful when an agent with greater diuretic potential is desired.

Side effects:

- increased urination
- thirst
- muscle cramps
- itching or rash
- weakness
- dizziness
- spinning sensation
- diarrhea

Nursing Implications:

- use caution with liver disease.
- may cause hypotension, dry mouth, excessive urination, dehydration, electrolyte abnormalities, metabolic alkalosis.
- hypokalemia may lead to increase risk of digoxin toxicity.
- monitor renal panel.
- use caution with other anithypertensives.

MVI 1 tab pro

Indications:

- Indicated for the prevention of vitamin deficiency in adults and pediatric patients aged 11 and older receiving parenteral nutrition. The physician should not await the development of clinical signs of vitamin deficiency before initiating vitamin therapy.

Side effects:

- severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis)
- rash
- redness
- itching
- headache
- dizziness
- agitation

Nursing Implications:

- Assess for signs of nutritional deficiency before and after.
- Toxicity and Overdose: Toxicity rarely occurs with multivitamin preparations because of the small amounts per unit of fat-soluble vitamins.
- If overdose occurs, treatment includes induction of emesis or gastric lavage, calcium gluconate IV if hypocalcemic, and maintenance of high urine output.