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Question 3. (13 points) Provide some intuitive discussion as to why a minimum wage increase may especially affect the unemployment rate of young workers.

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A minimum wage, to be binding and effective, is imposed higher than the free-market equilibrium wage rate. At higher wage rate, firms' quantity of labor demanded falls but quantity of labor supplied rises, creating a labor market surplus leading to unemployment. Since the firms cannot quickly reduce their demand for skilled and experienced workers, when a minimum wage is imposed they mostly reduce their demand for unskilled, inexperienced and younger workers with lower productivity and efficiency. This increases the unemployment rate of younger workers.

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