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What is the maximum number of bonds that can form in a molecule with a central...

What is the maximum number of bonds that can form in a molecule with a central atom containing five electrons in sp 3 hybrid orbitals?

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Concepts and reason

Hybridization is the concept of mixing atomic orbitals which have different shapes and energies to give an equal number of hybrid orbitals (to that of mixed orbitals), which have the same energy and shape. By using this concept, molecular geometry and bond angles can be explained for molecules.

In the question, hybridization is provided and number of maximum bonds is to be calculated.

Fundamentals

Lewis dot structure is used to show bonding in a molecule. It also tells about the number of lone pairs around the central atom.

The table for hybridization with respect to electronic geometry using different combinations of bonds and lone pairs of electrons present on central atom is below:

Number of
atom/group
attached to
central atom
Number of lone
pair of electrons
on central atom
Electron
geometry
Hybridizatio

A compound in which central atom is sp3 hybridized has a total of 4 sp3 hybrid orbitals.

The three single electrons present in three sp3 hybrid orbitals can form 3 sigma bonds with other atoms.

And the fourth hybrid orbital containing a pair of electron is left.

Ans:

A maximum of three covalent bonds are formed with a central atom containing five electrons in sp3 hybrid orbitals.

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