Homework Answers
This problem is based on the concept of electrophilic addition of alkene with water.
The acid catalysed reaction of watee with alkenes results in the formation of alcohol. The addition follows the Markonikov's rule which is as follows:
In addition, reactions of unsymmetrical alkene, the attack of electrophile occurs on that carbon of the double bond which results in the formation of a more stable carbocation.
General reaction for acid catalysed reaction of water with alkenes resulting in formation of alcohol. This involves the formation of carbocation which on further reaction with water forms an alcohol.
Part a
The curved arrow representations of the first step of the mechanisms is given below:
Part b
The curved arrow representation is given below:
Part c
The curved arrow representation is given below:
The curved arrow representations of the first step of reaction mechanism is shown below:
The curved arrow representation is shown below:
The curved arrow representation is shown below:
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Complete the mechanism for the electrophilic addition when the alkene is treated with water in acid.a)...
Electrophilic addition of HBr to alkenes yields a bromoalkane.
Electrophilic addition of HBr to alkenes yields a bromoalkane. The reaction begins with an attack on the hydrogen of the electrophilic HBr by the n electrons of the double bond to give a carbocation. This step follows Markovnikov's rule with the electrophilic H atom adding to the sp2 carbon containing the most hydrogens, leading to the formation of the most stable carbocation (1°<2°<3°). If possible, a 1,2-shift of either a neighboring hydride or methyl group can occur prior to the...
The electrophilic addition reaction shown below involves a carbocation rearrangement.
The electrophilic addition reaction shown below involves a
carbocation rearrangement. For the mechanism step below, draw
curved arrows to show electron reorganization. use the arrow tool
to specify the origin and the destination of the reorganizing
electrons.Consult the arrow-pushing instructions for the convention on regiospecific electrophilic attack on a double bond
Electrophilic addition of HBr to alkenes yields a bromoalkane.
Electrophilic addition of HBr to alkenes yields a bromoalkane. The reaction begins with an attack on the hydrogen of the elect HBr by the π electrons of the double bond to give a carbocation. This step follows Markovnikov's rule with the electrophilic H adding to the sp2 carbon containing the most hydrogens, leading to the formation of the most stable carbocation (1° < 2° < 3°). If possible, a 1,2-shift of either a neighboring hydride or methyl group can occur...
Complete the electron-pushing mechanism for the E1 reaction when 2-methylbutan-2-ol is treated with 20% sulfuric acid....
Complete the electron-pushing mechanism for the E1 reaction when
2-methylbutan-2-ol is treated with 20% sulfuric acid.
Use two curved arrows to show the fast protonation of the alcohol. Use a curved arrow to show the dissociation of the leaving group from the substrate. Draw the organic product of the E1 dehydration Use two curved arrow to show the deprotonation of the carbocation intermediate.
O- CHE Br CH2 H3C Hac Electrophilic addition of HBr toalkenes yields a bromoalkane. The reaction...
Electrophilic addition of HBr to alkenes yields a bromoalkane. The reaction begins with an attack on the hydrogen of the electrophilic HBr by the electrons of the double bond to give a carbocation. This step follows Markovnikov's rule with the electrophilic H atom adding to the sp2 carbon containing the most hydrogens, leading to the formation of the most stable carbocation (1° < 2° < 3°). If possible, a 1,2-shift of either a neighboring hydride or methyl group can occur...
Electrophilic addition of HBr to alkenes yields a bromoalkane
Electrophilic addition of HBr to alkenes yields a bromoalkane. The reaction begins with an attack on the hydrogen of the electrophilic HBr by the electrons of the double bond to give a carbocation. This step follows Markovnikov's rule with the electrophilic H atom adding to the sp2 carbon containing the most hydrogens, leading to the formation of the most stable carbocation (1° < 2° < 3°). If possible, a 1,2-shift of either a neighboring hydride or methyl group can occur...
Electrophilic addition of HBr to alkenes yields a bromoalkane.
Electrophilic addition of HBr to alkenes yields a bromoalkane. The reaction begins with an attack on the hydrogen of the electrophilic HBr by the electrons of the double bond to give a carbocation. This step follows Markovnikov's rule with the electrophilic H atom adding to the sp2 carbon containing the most hydrogens, leading to the formation of the most stable carbocation (1° < 2° < 3°). If possible, a 1,2-shift of either a neighboring hydride or methyl group can occur prior...
Electrophilic addition of HBr to alkenes yields a bromoalkane
Electrophilic addition of HBr to alkenes yields a bromoalkane. The reaction begins with an attack on the hydrogen of the electrophilic HBr by the electrons of the double bond to give a carbocation. This step follows Markovnikov's rule with the electrophilic H atom adding to the sp2 carbon containing the most hydrogens, leading to the formation of the most stable carbocation (1° < 2° < 3°). If possible, a 1,2-shift of either a neighboring hydride or methyl group can occur prior...
Complete the curved arrow mechanism of the following double elimination reaction when 2,3-dibromoper Map is treated...
Complete the curved arrow mechanism of the following double elimination reaction when 2,3-dibromoper Map is treated with two equivalents of sodium amide and heated in mineral oil. a) Use three curved arrows to show the elimination of the first hydrogen bromide. b) Use three curved arrows to show the elimination of the second hydrogen bromide. INHO HENT NH3. Br c) Complete the structure of the organic product formed from the double elimination. -C-HC-CH,
Acid-catalyzed addition of water to an alkene yields an alcohol with Markovnikov regiochemistry
Acid-catalyzed addition of water to an alkene yields an alcohol
with Markovnikov regiochemistry. The electrophilic H+ adds to the
sp^2 carbon with the most hydrogens to yield the most stable
carbocation intermediate, which then adds water to give the product
alcohol. To avoid the possibility of rearrangement and still give a Markovnikov alcohol, alkenes can instead be treated with mercury(II) acetate in aqucous THF and then subsequently reduced with sodium borohydride. This reaction proceeds through a cyclic mercurinium ion intermediate which...
Complete the electron-pushing mechanism for the E1 reaction when
2-methylbutan-2-ol is treated with 20% sulfuric acid.
Use two curved arrows to show the fast protonation of the alcohol. Use a curved arrow to show the dissociation of the leaving group from the substrate. Draw the organic product of the E1 dehydration Use two curved arrow to show the deprotonation of the carbocation intermediate.
Complete the curved arrow mechanism of the following double elimination reaction when 2,3-dibromoper Map is treated with two equivalents of sodium amide and heated in mineral oil. a) Use three curved arrows to show the elimination of the first hydrogen bromide. b) Use three curved arrows to show the elimination of the second hydrogen bromide. INHO HENT NH3. Br c) Complete the structure of the organic product formed from the double elimination. -C-HC-CH,
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