Note: As per answering guidelines, only the first question can be answered.
Solution- 1
When a bond has an yield to maturity (YTM) equal to its coupon rate, it sells at par or face value. This ensures that return on the bond is equal to its YTM.
When a bond has YTM higher than its coupon rate, it sells at a discount to its face value. If the bond were to sell at face value in such a case, the returns for investors would be equal to coupon rate which is lower than the yield to maturity or required rate of return. Therefore, the market pushes the price of the bond downwards from its face value and sells at a discount to ensure that the return on the bond is equal to its YTM.
When a bond has YTM lower than its coupon rate, it sells at a premium to its face value. If the bond were to sell at face value in such a case, the returns for investors would be equal to coupon rate which is higher than the yield to maturity or required rate of return. Therefore, the market pushes the price of the bond upwards from its face value and sells at a premium to ensure that the return on the bond is equal to its YTM.
Analysis of options:
A. All else constant, a bond will sell at a premium when the coupon rate is less than the yield to maturity.
Since a bond sells at discount when coupon is less than YTM, this option is not correct.
B. All else constant, a bond will sell at a premium when the coupon rate is equal to the yield to maturity.
Since a bond sells at par when coupon is equal to YTM, this option is not correct
C. All else constant, a bond will sell at a discount when the coupon rate is less than the yield to maturity.
Since, bond sells at discount when coupon is less than YTM, this option is correct
D. All else constant, a bond will sell at a discount when the coupon rate is higher than the yield to maturity.
Since, bond sells at premium when coupon is higher than YTM, this option is not correct
E. All else constant, a bond will sell at par when the coupon rate is less than the yield to maturity.
Since, bond sells at discount when coupon is less than YTM, this option is not correct
Conclusion:
The correct option is option C
when the coupon the All else constant, a bond will sell at yield to maturity a...
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