Question

Match the following.

Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. Note: not all labels will be used.

Match the following. Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. Note: not all labels will be used.

Answer 1

General guidance

Concepts and reason

The bonding of molecules is characterized by the attraction or repulsion forces between the atoms. These attraction and repulsion forces are holding the atoms together. The set of repulsive and attractive force between molecules that result from the polarity is represented as intermolecular force. There are four types of intermolecular forces:

Hydrogen bonding

London dispersion force

Ion \u2013 dipole force

Dipole \u2013 dipole force

Ionic \u2013 bond

Fundamentals

Generally, all molecules have dispersion forces and all molecules do not have the same electronegativity and the same intermolecular forces. The molecules have a large difference in electronegativity that exhibit a dipole\u2013dipole interaction.

Hydrogen bond: Hydrogen is bonded to a strong electronegative atom.

Dipole \u2013 dipole: This force takes place between two polar compounds.

London dispersion force: This force is present in all compounds (weak force).

The intermolecular interactions that exist among the molecules, that are not covalent bonding interactions, are known as noncovalent interactions.

The types of intermolecular forces are given below:

\uf0a7Vander Waals forces: These are weak forces of attractions that exist in the molecule.

\uf0a7Dipole-dipole interactions: These are electrostatic interactions. The molecule having permanent dipole interacts with other polar molecules using dipole-dipole interactions.

\uf0a7Hydrogen bonding: If the hydrogen atom is directly attached to the electronegative atom, it exhibits intermolecular hydrogen bonding.

\uf0a7Ionic-bond interactions: The compounds having electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions due to the ion-ion interactions. These are strong intermolecular force of attractions.

\uf0a7Ion-dipole interactions: The interactions present between the ions and dipole of solvent are known as ion-dipole interactions.

The relative strength of intermolecular forces is given below:

Step-by-step

Step 1 of 5

Li donate one electron and bear positive charge. I accept one electron and bears negative charge.

Explanation | Common mistakes | Hint for next step

donate one electron and become and accept one electron and become LiI contain electrostatic attraction force between the Li positive and iodine negative ions. Therefore, forms ionic bond.

Step 2 of 5

The atom attached to the electronegative atom.

Explanation | Common mistakes | Hint for next step

forms hydrogen bonding because of the attraction force of proton and an electronegative oxygen atom. Therefore, forms hydrogen bonding.

Step 3 of 5

The repulsive force occurs between negatively charged electrons cloud in ethane molecule.

Explanation | Common mistakes | Hint for next step

is a non-polar compound due to the in which the compound contain repulsive force between negatively charged molecules. Therefore, the atoms are linked through the dispersion forces.

Step 4 of 5

The compound consists of dipole.

Explanation | Common mistakes | Hint for next step

molecule consisting partial positive charge and partial negative charge. So in this molecule has permanent dipole through bond. Therefore, molecule possesses dipole-dipole forces.

Step 5 of 5

Since is ionic compound and is polar compound.

The ion-dipole forces present in compounds. Here, is ionic compound and polar compounds. Therefore, the polar ionic compounds form ion-dipole forces.

Answer

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