Question

The third law of thermodynamics relates the entropy (randomness) of matter to its absolute temperature. Which of the following statements are in agreement with the third law of thermodynamics? Check all that apply. Check all that apply. At absolute zero, the interatomic distance within a crystal is minimized. As the temperature of a perfect crystal increases, the random vibrations of the molecules decrease. At zero degrees kelvin, substances maximize entropy. In a gaseous state, the entropy of the system is zero. In a crystalline state, there is a tendency to minimize entropy. At the melting point, the entropy of a system increases abruptly as the compound transforms into a liquid.

Answer 1

Third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a perfect crystal is zero at absolute zero temperature. Entropy is nothing but measure of randomness of the system. Entropy increases with increase in the random ness of the system. From this law we can say that as temperature decreases entropy of system also decreases and reaches minimum value at zero absolute temperature By basing on the concepts decide whether the given statements are right or wrong Statement-1: At absolute zero, the interatomic distance within a crystal is minimized. We know that at absolute zero entropy of a perfect crystal is zero. That means the vibrations between atoms also minimized. The atoms in the crystal arranged with minimum distances at absolute zero to minimize the entropy. Thus, at absolute zero the interatomic distances with in a crystal is minimized. Thus, this statement is in agreement with third law of thermodynamics Statement-2: As the temperature of a perfect crystal increases, the random vibrations of the molecules decrease From the third law of thermodynamics when temperature of crystal increases the entropy of also increases. So, the random vibration of the molecules also increases. Randomness of molecules increases with increasing entropy Thus, this statement is not agreed with third law of thermodynamics Statement-3: At zero degrees kelvin, substances maximize entropy. According to third law at zero degrees kelvin substance has minimum entropy Thus, this statement is not agreed with third law of thermodynamics Statement-4: In a gaseous state, the entropy of the system is zero Only perfect crystals have zero entropy. Not any other substances have zero entropy at any temperature Thus, this statement is not agreed with third law of thermodynamics Statement-5: In a crystalline state, there is a tendency to minimize entropy As we discussed earlier the crystal shows tendency to minimize entropy Thus, this statement is in agreement with third law of thermodynamics Statement-6: At the melting point, the entropy of a system increases abruptly as the compound transforms into a liquid. We know that liquids have more entropy than liquids. That means when a compound transforms into a liquid its temperature and entropy also increases. There is abrupt increase in in entropy of compound when its transforms into a liquid from solid. From third law of thermodynamics entropy of a compound increases with increasing temperature Thus, this statement is in agreement with third law of thermodynamics

Answer 2

Actually my fault on my previous post... I made a huge mistake and sadly I can't remove it...

Anyways the only correct statements are:

At absolute zero, the interatomic distance within a crystal is minimized.
At the melting point, the entropy of a system increases abruptly as the compound transforms into a liquid.
In a crystalline state, there is a tendency to minimize entropy.