Question

Select all of the chirality centers in the structure. A selected atom will turn green.

Select all of the chirality centers in the structure. A selected atom will turn green.

Answer 1

Concepts and reason

Optical isomers: An important class of isomers in which compounds have the same molecular formula and structure, but the difference arises from the orientation of the groups in the 3D space. Optical isomers are called as enantiomers.

Enantiomers are optical isomers whose mirror images are non-superimposable. They rotate the plane polarized light in opposite direction.

Optical activity is defined as the ability of a chiral molecule to rotate the plane polarized light. The enantiomers that rotates the plane polarized light in a clockwise direction is called dextrorotary, while the one that rotates the plane polarized light in an anticlockwise direction is called levorotary.

Fundamentals

Chirality is the fundamental behind the optical activity of an organic molecule.

Chiral center: A‘C’ atom in a molecule becomes a chiral center when all the four valences of that atom are satisfied by chemically different groups. For a carbon to acts as chiral center it should be ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}}$ hybridization

Representative example for chiral center and optical isomers were given below:

Here C is bonded to four different groups A, B C and D, Thus it form two optical isomers as the mirror images of each other.

The structure of the given molecule is shown below , in which the carbons which are ${\rm{s}}{{\rm{p}}^{\rm{3}}}$ hybridized are highlighted.

The chiral centers in the given structure were highlighted by the green color.

Ans:

The chiral centers in the given structure were highlighted as given below