Question

The following images represent examples of different types of chemical bonding. Select the descriptions and properties that best represent each image and place them in the appropriate box. Note: You may not use all of the descriptions and properties.

Answer 1

Concepts and reason

The problem is based on the concept of type of covalent bonding in between atoms. Covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between atoms in order to complete their octet. It can be polar covalent and non-polar covalent.

Fundamentals

If there is difference in electronegativity between atoms sharing electrons then covalent bond is polar covalent and if there is no electronegativity difference then bond is non-polar covalent.

Polar covalent bond is the bond where equal sharing of electrons takes place between the atoms and there is no partial charge on atoms connected by bonds.

Figure A is as follows:

Here, equal sharing of electrons can be seen as there is no charge on any atom and shared pair of electrons is at equal distance from both atoms.

Non-polar covalent bond is formed by unequal sharing of electrons between atoms. There is partial charge on atoms connected by bonds.

Figure B is as follows:

Here, unequal sharing of electron can be seen. There is partial positive and negative charge on atoms. Shared pair of electrons is more towards atom with partial negative charge because it is more electronegative than other.

In N-H bond, nitrogen and hydrogen are bonded together with single bond. Since, nitrogen is more electronegative than hydrogen; the N-H bond is polar in nature. Therefore, it is represented in by figure B.

In Cl-Cl bond, there is no electronegativity difference as both the atoms are same. Therefore, equal sharing of electrons results in non-polar bond and represented by figure 1.

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