Question

because k.b. is on chronic hemodialysis , what are her special nutritional needs?

Answer 1

K.B. will need to be on a diabetic dialysis diet. Based on the laboratory data K.B diet was adjusted by a professional a renal dietitian.

Generally in renal patients the protein rich diets (i.e., reduced glomerular filtration rate) was reduced and potassium, magnesium, sodium and phosphorus intake was restricted. An adequate amount of calorie, vitamin, and mineral intake was preferred.
Kilocalories are essential in clients with renal problems. Kilocalories play a role in weight gain since renal clients have a high tendency to go anorexic. Caloric intake should be 30 to 35 kcal/kg body weight per day. They have altered sensations of taste.

Proteins are modified to decrease when the clients are on a predialysis stage. Breakdown of proteins results in a waste product that needs to be eliminated through the kidney. In predialysis clients, there is a dysfunction in the kidneys, further consumption of protein will increase the byproducts during catabolism and would aggravate the health status of the client. But, when on the dialysis stage of treatment, protein is now increased to heal the client recover. It would help the client further recover from the muscle wasting that has happened and increase the better chance of finding away infection.

Fluids are limited in clients with renal diseases because of the dysfunction of the kidneys Filtration is slowed down and fluid accumulation would increase thus leading to hypertension and edema.

Sodium is also restricted in clients with renal diseases, since it attracts water. Limiting intake would help avoid thirst and maintain a controllable fluid balance.

Limiting the Phosphorus intake can maintain Calcium Phosphorus balance in the system. Kidney diseases cause and increase buildup of phosphorous in the blood and it can lead to metastatic calcification (soft tissue calcification).

Potassium restrictions are heavily dependent on blood analysis results of potassium. Patients on hemodialysis have put on a low to moderate potassium diet since potassium is spread in hemodialysis. Peritonial dialysis on the other hand is more flexible in terms of potassium consumption since the dialysate used also filters the potassium in the blood.

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