Question

ompelului. Imuny, Ulu uurig m o . 2. Discuss the significance of the Pauli Principle, Hund's rule and the Aufbau principle in obtaining the ground state configurations of multi-electron atoms.

Answer 1

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nswer whan assining electrons to otbitals we must follou hree rules: a let 1 Auftoau principla (Means buildingop ] :- According to his sule eo ilu fiutly in louwer Rab thell oy 0thita) aud aftey Hat n highert State. eveig 7inerxcasing eneny idet is giuen hy nEI 31 ne3 ney ys SP #fo multy s Lowey the Value int) to1 ginen Suoshell dowor will be i enengy aud etilledfirstly Lower sh Subshell. (ntl) is same tan energy is dicided by n. value n is looey its energy s lowen and will be filleo is e Species ardey is decided by n ule n- shell numbey. where Axinuthal guautum nunbey.

2 Paulix enclusin pruinciple: No tuso atom Can haue Seme valus am the fowr guan tum numbers (ie- n,m,e, s). An ebital accomodates two eLoith oppesite spin Thuse too Rpain cipal cn, azimutthal (e) auol magnetic spin quantum nunhe haue Nalues uautum hunbesr out the fowrth ie PS) wiu be ditterend Is2 He ne1 nel meo maxinum multiplicity: g Hund's ule 1 Thi's sule is applicable to degenetate otbitals (i.e hane Same euergy bital) in multi e spccies ) es aue distui buted En such a way to 9ine manimum with parallel Apin the Subshell Hhe atbital among no.9npaied e firstly Aingly occupied with partallef Lii) A he y bitals are Apin t after dha paininge take place Gv) Sn degenerated otbital e are 40 maximised the Apin multicity Pilled in Aucha mannet S.M 21S7 + 1 where STtetal &pin

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