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1. Suppose a population of N individuals has true (unknown) numerical measurements yi, y2, …YN (repeats allowed). The unknown population mean 1S yj One way to estimate the unknown population mean μ is to decide on a number nS N, then successively randomly select one individual at a time, observe and record the quantity of interest for that individual, put that individual back in, and repeat the process n times. Then form the mean of the recorded n observations. Prove that this mean is an unbiased estimate of the population mean μ. Here is how to set the problem up in probability terms. For 1 i<n (yes lower case n), let Xj satisfy Pr(X-yj) 1/N for each j- 1,...,N; also let the random variables Xi,..., X, be mutually independent. Now consider the random variable i=1 Show this ra variable X is an unbiased estimator of u, in other words show that E(X)-

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