Question

What is liability? strict liability? accountability? moral accountability?

Answer 1

Liability, in law, a broad term that includes virtually any form of duty, responsibility, debt, liability or risk that exists by contract, tort or statute. Contractually regulates the extent of liability. For example, a limited partnership can often be formed in such a way that certain partners identified as limited — as opposed to general— are only liable for the obligations of the firm to the extent of their contribution to the capital of the firm. Liability may also be regulated by tort traditions, as when infants, crazy individuals and other technically incapable people are not deemed to be legally liable for their behavior.

Strict liability in criminal and civil law is a form of responsibility under which an individual is legally liable for the effects of an action even in the absence of the defendant's negligence or criminal intent.

In the tort sector, prominent examples of strict liability may include product liability, abnormally dangerous practices (e.g. blasting), livestock invasion into another's property, and wild animal ownership. Common criminal offenses that do not include any motive include statutory rape and crime killing

Accountability requires a person to be a moral interlocutor; being a moral interlocutor requires a person to be sensitive to moral reasons for or against the actions involved and requires a person to be a discursive partner. Therefore, assignments of obligation can be described as being based on some form of a contractualist theory of morality, where one test of fitness for membership in the class of moral agents is the capacity to change one's actions in compliance with standards that others could not fairly refuse.

Moral accountability is entirely different from these two and there is a legal or contractual obligation to deliver something. The individual / state assumes responsibility for something that does not involve them directly. Although not a perfect example, we often hear about developed countries ' moral responsibility for the pollution caused during the phase of industrial revolution in the climate talks. India and others insisted that the developed countries be accountable more than the developing countries by reducing their emissions and also contributing to the Green Climate Fund. The developed nations are not required to do this, yet they can and ideally will assume this responsibility and contribute to the cause.