Question

Crohn's Disease ( please answer every box including safety considerations. there are 14 boxes )

ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE System Disorder STUDENT NAME DISORDER/DISEASE PROCESS REVIEW MODULE CHAPTER Alterations in Health (Diagnosis) Pathophysiology Related to Client Problem Health Promotion and Disease Prevention ASSESSMENT SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS Risk Factors Expected Findings Laboratory Tests Diagnostic Procedures PATIENT-CENTERED CARE Complications Nursing Care Medications Client Education Therapeutic Procedures Interprofessional Care

Answer 1

1. Alteration in health (diagnosis)-diagnosis is crohn's disease.It is an inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation of the digestive tract, which can lead to abdominal pain ,diarrhoea fatigue weight loss and malnutrition.

2. Pathophysiology related to client problem- Crohn's disease begins with crypt inflammation and abscesses,which progress to tiny focal aphthoid ulcers.Extensive inflammation may results in hypertrophyof the muscularis mucosa,fibrosis and stricture formation which can lead to bowel obstruction.

3.Health promotion and disease prevention-1. diet- limit dairy products...try low fat foods ...limit fibre..avoid spicy food...eat small meals ..drink plenty of liquids.2..avoid smoking ,stress..3..do exercise daily ...deep breathing exercises..4.take iron supplements

4. Risk factors- (i) age -can occur at any age...but most likely occur in young age..mostly before 30..(ii) family history (iii) Smoking (iv) history of taking non steroidal anti infalmatory drugs

5.Expected findings- 1- bloody diarrhoea 2- abdominal cramp 3- malnutrition 4- weight loss . 5- lethargic, fatigue 6- colic pain 7- mucus in stool 8 - fat in stool 9- fever 10 -in colonoscopy - cobbelstone pattern in crohns disease

6.laboratory tests- 1- history collection , physical examination. 2- proctoscopy . 3- colonoscopy. 4 - sigmoidoscopy 5- barium enema 6- mucosal biopsy  

7.diagnostic procedures- 1-  blood test ...-test for anemia or infection  2- fecal occult blood test

8.nursing care- 1- Ascertain pattern and onset of diarrhoea 2-observe and record stool frequency , characteristics,amount and precipitating factor 3- observe the client for fever,chills, abdominal pain, cramping ,bloody stool, emotional stress etc.4- provide bed rest 5- restart oral fluid intake gradually 6- advice the client to avoid smoking 7- administer medication as prescribed by health care provider

9- therapeutic procedures- 1-Colonoscopy  2-CT scan 3-MRI  4-Capsule endoscopy 5- Balloon assisted enteroscopy

10- medications- 1- drug of choice - Sulfasalazine 2- Immunosuppresant therapy  3- tranquilizres- tablet Meperidine (to reduce pain) 4- blood transfusion if needed 5- anti diarrhoeal 6- antibiotics

11- Client education- 1- educate the client to avoid smoking . 2- to take plenty of fluids 3- to avoid stress. 4- take medication on time as prescribed by health care provider 5- limit dairy products 6- avoid spicy food . 7- avoid caffeine containing foods

12- interprofessional care- 1- client assessment 2-managing symptoms with proper nutrition 3- managing symptoms with medications. 4- cooperate with client 5- Nutritional strategies to reduce or prevent symptoms like ...avoid food that produce GI discomfort ..avoid trigger food including high fibre food, high fatty food ...avoid food containing caffeine 6- advice the client to take plenty of fluids 7- advice the client to avoid smoking

13- safety consideration- 1-  avoid smoking 2- avoid alcohol 3- avoid stress 3- take multivitamins as prescribed by health care provider 4- take plenty of fluids 6- take Meditation on time as prescribed

14- Complication - 1- bowel obstruction 2- ulcers 3- fistulas  4- anal fissure. 5-malnutrition 6-colon cancer