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A-+/ 1+COSA Cos 4 Screenshot 2019-01-17 at 20.17.31 If babies are born prematurely, there ıs a risk that they will be under-developed and suffer a variety of health problems. There is good evidence that mothers who give birth prematurely in one pregnancy will also do so in later pregnancies, so in the following studies, the subjects were mothers who had given birth prematurely 1 rank (x).se csc (-X С Sin (-10) in their first pregnancy (i) Clinicians designed and conducted a study to assess whether a drug extended pregnancy, by comparing duration of the second pregnancy for One group was given the active drug and the other a placebo version. The results of the trial (in 2 Sec (x) (-x)tan Cx) two independent groups each of 40 mothers. weeks) were as follows: Group mean s.d. Drug Placebo 38.2 1.60 39.1 1.45 1 2 (a) Verify that the trial had an adequate sample size to test for a differ ence of 1 week, when results expected on the placebo were a mean ralelog duration of 38 weeks, with a standard deviation of 1.5 weeks. marks В а".la. [ao] cos (iz) b2(ab)2 (b) Did the trial provide evidence that the drug is beneficial in terms of (4 marks) extending pregnancy? sch (2) (ii) When writing up their study, as well as assessing the effect on duration of pregnancy, the clinicians decide to examine whether the drug has any effect on the birthweights of the babies. Differences in mean birthweight between cosh cx- (ee in (xsin(x) csch(x)- e-e the two groups give a p-value for the appropriate t-test of p=0.03. (a) (b) (c) Give 2 reasons why including this additional investigation is prob- (2 marks) lematic What should they conclude about the effect of the drug on birth- weights? Explain your reasoning.(marks) Does this change the way you would evaluate the effect of the drug (1 mark) on pregnancy duration in G)(b)

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