Question

PN 200 Fundamentals of Nursing II Case Study - Vomiting Diarrhea prochorperazine (Compazine) Sassy Smith, a 34 year old woman has been vomiting for 48 hours. In the last 12 hours Ms. arth has had nausea and diarrhea Prochorperazine (Compazine) 10 mg was administered intramuscularly What nonpharmacological measures should the nurse suggest when vomiting occurs, - Why was Ms. Smith given prochorocrazine given intramuscularly rather than orally or rectally? Prochorperazine should be given deep intramuscularly. Why? 3. What electrolyte imbalances may occur as a result of vomiting and diarrhea? Explain how these electrolytes can be replaced. 4. What are the side effects of prochorperazine? Could these occur with Ms. Smith? Explain your answer. 3. Could a serotonin antagonist be given to CS instead of prochorperazine? Explain your answer. Ms. Smith was prescribed dipenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil) 2.5 mg three times a day. 6. Is the dipenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil) within the normal prescribed range? Explain your answer. 7. What clinical conditions are contraindicated for the use of Lomotil? 8. What are some combination drugs that may be prescribed to control diarrhea? List the advantages and disadvantages of the drugs you have listed. 9. Explain the similarities of two over-the-counter antidiarrheals. Explain how frequently they should be used 10. Do you think that Ms. Smith should receive an absorbent? Explain your answer 11. Explain the similarities and differences between ipecac and charcoal. Reviewed 9/19

Answer 1

1)NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL MEASURES:

• Non-pharmacological methods adopted for the treatment of vomiting depend on the cause of vomiting.
• Generally the following measures are practiced
• nurse can ask the patient to sit down or lie propped up.
• Avoid physical activity.
• Drink something sugary.
• Avoid alcohol and acidic drinks
• practice deep breathing exercises

2)prochlorperazine is given as a deep intramuscular injection. SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTION IS NOT RECOMMENDED BECAUSE OF LOCAL IRRITATION.

3)Excessive vomiting especially over a prolonged period of time ,leads to excess loss of water and electrolytes from body. Electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, bicarbonates are lost and may lead to many problems.

Treating electrolyte imbalance:

electrolyte imbalance can be treated by following treatments:

INTRAVENOUS FLUIDS(IV):

Usually, sodium chloride can help to rehydrate the body. This treatment is commonly used in the case of electrolyte imbalance caused by vomiting.

INTRAVENOUS MEDICATIONS:

Certain iv medications like calcium gluconate, magnesium chloride ,and potassium chloride.

ORAL MEDICATIONS AND SUPPLEMENTS:

Depending on electrolyte disorder medications or supplements can be used.

like calcium (gluconate,carbonate,citrate or lactate.),magnesium oxide,potassium chloride ,phosphate binders which include sevelamer hydrochloride,lanthanum.This can help replace depleted electrolytes on short term or long term basis.

4)prochlorperazine side effects:

Dizziness,drowsiness,anxiety,sleep problems,dry mouth ,stuffy nose,blurred vision,constipation,weight gain,menstrual irregularities,,headache,hypotension. This can occur with her.

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