Question

Hi this is a forensics class discussing bones and anatomy I’m not sure how I’d figure this out thanks!

Part 1: Estimating Age at Death using Epiphyseal Plate Closure in lecture this week, you learned how the age ranges associated with epiphyseal tusion can be combined to generate the most narrow age range. Use the table below for the following scenario to generate a single final age range. Epiphyseal fusion Time of Complete Epiphyseal Fusion Element Location For Males For Females <12 months mandibular synchondrosis Skull spheno-occipital synchondrosis 13-18 years 11-16 years 3-4 years neurocentral synchondroses Vertebrae thoracic neurocentral synchondroses 3-4 years lumbar neurocentral synchondroses 2-4 years Clavicle medial epiphysis 16-21 years 15-17 years coracoid process

Answer 1

Answer with explanation of Question no. 1 :

1st we note down the age range of both male and female from the table whose are analysed

a. Proximal epiphysis of ulna of female 12 to 14 years

b. Proximal epiphysis of femur of female 12 to 16 years

c. Greater trochanter of femur of female 14 to 16 years

d. Distal epiphysis of tibia of female 14 to 16 years

e. Proximal epiphysis of humerus of female 13 to 17 years

In the table it is not mentioned when the fusion started. So under process fusion and not started fusion will be consider age less then fusion age. If this skeletal is of a female then age must be less than 16 years coz fusion of greater trochanter of femur and distal epiphysis of tibia not completed.

Fusion completed of proximal epiphysis of ulna so age must be more than 12 years.

So the range for female is 12 years to 16 years.

Answer with explanation of Question no. 2:

We will exercise same for the male but in a different way.

a. Proximal epiphysis of ulna of male 13 to 16 years (complete. age must be more than 13 years)

b. Proximal epiphysis of femur of male 14 to 19 years (completed. so age must be more than 14 years)

c.Greater trochanter of femur of male 16 to 18 years (under process. so age can not be more than 18 years)

d.Distal epiphysis of tibia of male 15 to 18 (underprocess. age can not be more than 18 years)

e.Proximal epiphysis of humerus of male 16 to 20 years (not started age must be less than 20 years)

In above analysis lower limit is 14 years and upper limit is 18 years. So age range for male is 14 to 18 years