Question

organic chemistry question

kinetic study lab

1) justify why benzyl chloride (PhCH2Cl) reacts faster than 2-Chlorobutane under any of the reaction conditions studied. (Sn2 and Sn1)

2) the compounds 2-bromobutane and 2-clorobutane are secondary alkyl halides. what can be concluded with reactions Sn1 (AgNO3 )and Sn2 (NaI)

Answer 1

- Benzyl chloride marte in both SN, and faster SN2 than 2-chlorotuten eux? - SM, man In SN, ear late detumining step is the formation of carbocation intumediate at is a I-step reactio Stable the carbocation formed faster will be the reaction. R-X hox R + x☺ 1. Ros) Royo Ray uchu xo = leaving mucheophile yo a incoming nucleophile Ro a cabocation intermediate and a chloro butan Among chloride S- S Bennyl carbocation formed is disonanu staballed mis reaction is fast as carbocation is genuated fast and is staballed. On the other hand, in case of archlow beetan CACH CH CH3 - CHynch - EM - CHA Ne disonance stabalisations

u stabalaration unstable and No conjugated system ... No resonance stab and this carbocation formed will be unstal exn cate will be slow in case of dr chlocos SNg Lan Stearic Linduance plays a major role in the deactivity of alkyl halider ol aryl halides in Snoras Mone stearically hindered the reaction centure , slouce the reaction rate (ph) Hue incoming up expertences repulsion only due to I bulky 'ph group". meufore, comparatively 4 H I alkyl reaction will be faster in this a Here incoming nuo expurence repulsion due to a bulky groups - Cethyl and methyl). halleye mus,' reaction rate will be lessi . halid و پاره halide sine in SN, ex rate of exn. depends upon stability of carbocation formed. But in both I-bromobutane and 2-chlorobutane ; Carbocation formed is same

I re. Lºcalbocation. muefou now the reaction hate will be decided by nature of the. halogen atom. Bittee the leaving group lessee u the activation enugy for the formation of Carbocation and more o the reactivity of alkyl halide in SNI reaction. sine, Bee is a good leaving group as compared to cu : a-bromo butane reacts pas tu in sNI reaction than 2-chloobutane. In sng rxn _ _ - Again in sna hon, both the reactants in g bromo butane and a-chloobutane are equally stranically hindered But again nature of halogen atom de elde the Treactivity ---SNZT Nexn Yau6_1014120 X #Chillite R Product Prastant Transition Irlat

yo = incoming tuleophile x = leaving group (nucleophile In the Transition state of SNg reaction, the I negation charge is normally distributed our the nucleophile and having group. me better the leaving group , moul stable ů the hansition slate of.s.). diu to greater stabalisation of the negative charge by the I leaving group and hence raped a the cate of reaction. T Since -Be is better leaving group than all re. Beco dbromo butane reacte fastu than archlorobutane in lN2 rxn also.