Question

Explain why Vitamin D is important to absorb calcium (Chief function)? What are the Vitamin D deficiency related conditions? List and explain 5 reasons that could cause you would have less vitamin D. What are the calcium related conditions? Name 5 foods that are known to calcium. Explain why iron is important to the body (Chief function)? What are the iron deficiency related conditions? Name and describe 3 different types of anemias. Explain what is heme. Explain how vitamin C plays a role in iron absorption.

Answer 1

* Vitamin D is plays an key role in absorption of calcium from the small intestine which is important for strong bones.

* It also helps in re absorption of calcium from the renal distal tubule.

*It helps to increase the concentration of serum calcium.

VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY CONDITIONS

*Rickets( in children) - Bone softening disease. Mainly affected to long bones.

*Osteomalacia ( in adults) - bone softening disorder.

*Osteoporosis - Decrease bone mineralization and become easily fragile.

REASON FOR VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY

* Inadequate exposure to sunlight - sunlight is main source of vitamin D.  

*Poor intake of nutrients rich food - vitamin D rich food items are dairy products, beef liver,cheese,milk,fatty fish etc.

*Disorders that impairs vitamin D absorption - celiac disease, Crohn's disease, chronic pancreatitis can affect the absorption of vitamin D.

*Deficient soil quality - climate, farming and soil conditions can affect the quality of food available.

* Impaired vitamin D metabolism.

CALCIUM RELATED CONDITIONS

*Hypercalcemia - increased blood calcium level

* Hypo calcemia - Decreased blood calcium level

* Osteoporosis - Decreased bone calcium

*Fractures - Decreased calcium leads to increased risk of fractures.

*Osteopenia - Decreased bone density

CALCIUM RICH FOODS

*Milk and dairy products

*cheese

*Yogurt

* Beans and lentils

*Almond

*Fig

IIMPOIMPORTANCE OF IRON

* It helps to carry oxygen from lungs to tissues

*It helps in the metabolism of proteins and enzymes

*Maintaining immune system

* Helps in energy production

IRON DEFICIENCY CONDITIONS

*Anaemia

*Hypo ferrimia

*Fatigue and lethargy

*Decreased cold resistance

* Frequent infection.

HEME

Iron is an important micronutrient.Heme is found in animal foods and its contain 40% of heme. It will absorbed by the body. The absorption is affected by iron storage by the body.

VITAMIN C AND IRON ABSORPTION

*Vitamin c helps in absorption of iron

*It helps to prevent the formation of insoluble iron compounds

*It prevent the conversion of ferric to ferrous iron.

*It increases the reuptake of iron into mucosal cells.