Question

Section 1 (2 pts) 1) Which of the following is true: A. the diaphragm is responsible for 75% of thoracic expansion B. expiration is dependent upon external intercostal muscle activity C. Intrapulmonary pressure is always greater than atmospheric pressure D. The diaphragm and external intercostal muscles are two major accessory muscles OOOO 2) Which of the following statements on external respiration is true: (2pts) A. the concentration of oxygen is greater in pulmonary circulation than in the alveoli B. the concentration of carbon dioxide is greater in the alveoli than in pulmonary circulation C. carbon dioxide diffuses from the alveoli into pulmonary circulation D. oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into pulmonary circulation 0 000 3) The zone includes the alveoli, while the trachea. zone includes the (2pts) O transport: ventilation ventilation: transport conducting respiratory respiratory: conducting

Answer 1

1.expiration depends on external intercoastal muscle activity

2. Oxygen diffuses from alveoli to pulmonary circulation

3. D. Respiratory and conducting

The respiratory zone correspondsto the lung parenchyma and includes the, respiratory bronchioles alveolar ducts, and alveoli.

The conducting zone consists of airways that transport gases into and out of the lungs and includes the trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles.

4. Humidifying the air

When dry air is breathed it helps in humidifying the air.

5. Epiglottis

It is closed when food is taken or drinking. It helps to prevent the food to enter the wind pipe

6. Alveolar ducts

Alveolar ducts are part of respiratory zone others are part of conducting zone

7.The force exerted by gases within the alveoli is called intrapulmonary pressure.

the force exerted by gases in the pleural cavity is called intrapleural pressure

Pressure in atmosphere is called atmospheric pressure

8. External intercoastal muscles

During inspiration the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles contract, causing the rib cage to expand and move outward and expanding the thoracic cavity and lung volume.

9. Dalton's law of partial pressures states that in a mixture of non-reacting gases, the total pressure exerted is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases.

10. Erythropoietin , kidney

Erythropoietin is produced by the kidneys in response of low blood oxygen levels

11. Emphysema

Emphysema involves gradual damage of lung tissue, specifically thinning , elasticity andof the alveoli or air sacs.

Dyspnea is difficulty in breathing