Question

Write 300-500 words in an essay style answer to respond to the following question:

Collecting data in public health has typically been an arduous process. Lack of relevant, accurate and timely data for research to inform policy may negatively affect public health.

• Select one of the traditional data collection and reporting systems used in public health and one of the “new means” of data collection.
• Compare these methods of data collection by listing and describing the advantages and disadvantages of each method

Answer 1

Public identification is achieved by gathering information from data such as public health, health problem and associated factors. There are various methods to collect the information about public health.

Methods of data collection

• Observation method
• Questioning method
• Record review method
• Conversation and discussion method
• Biophysiologic method
• Electronic method

Observation method (Traditional method of data collection )

Observation is a method to collect data through the occuance that can be observed through senses. This basic method of collecting first hand information. Observation helps to identify the geographical area, sanitation, population, density, socioeconomic condition, social mobility. It may be formal and informal.Formal observation done with specific objective with standardized tool such as check list to gather specific information. Informal observation visit helps to identify general view of the public.

Advantage

• Does not require individual willingness
• Directly observe the facts

​​​​​Disadvantage

• Time consuming
• Expensive
• Does not enhance clear cut understanding

Electronic method (new method of data collection )

It can be done through computer or internet. The data obtained by installed survey on the network. It is effective method and inexpensive, compared with observation method. Data also collected by means of social media.

Advantage

• Cost effective
• Simple and inexpensive

Disadvantage

• Technical issue
• Confidentiality of information
• Scam

There are different methods of data collection are available. Combination of these methods are very effective to gather information of data rather than the use single method.