Question

PLEASE USE COMPLETE SENTENCES WITH SOURCES.

In the Philippines from 2000 to 2015, what were the major contributions for the positive change/progress of MDG: Reduce Child Mortality?

d. What were the major challenges/barriers/inhibitors for the lack of progress made in MDG: Improve Maternal Health?

i. Provide a list and an in-detail description of a couple adjustments (a) the government and (b) the community could have done to improve this MDG. Did they address or act upon the need/want to eliminate disparity and/or inequity?

e. Describe how elements of this country's’ culture impact the progress of MDG: Reduce Child Mortality and Improve Maternal Health?

PLEASE CITE SOURCES.

Answer 1

1. Positive changes / progress of MDG - Reduce child mortality :

- The global under-five mortality rate has declined by more than half, dropping from 90 to 43 deaths per 1,000 live births between 1990 and 2015.

• Despite population growth in the developing regions, the number of deaths of children under five has declined from 12.7 million in 1990 to almost 6 million in 2015 globally. • Since the early 1990s, the rate of reduction of under-five mortality has more than tripled globally.

• In sub-Saharan Africa, the annual rate of reduction of under-five mortality was over five times faster during 2005–2013 than it was during 1990–1995.

• Measles vaccination helped prevent nearly 15.6 million deaths between 2000 and 2013. The number of globally reported measles cases declined by 67 per cent for the same period.

• About 84 per cent of children worldwide received at least one dose of measlescontaining vaccine in 2013, up from 73 per cent in 2000.

2. The major challenges/barriers/inhibitors for the lack of progress made in MDG: Improve Maternal Health are :- Poor Starting Conditions:Countries whose human development indicators are at the lowest levels must make the greatest investmentst to achieve the MDGs.Not surprisingly ,though, these are the countries with the fewest resources and the least capacity for rapid scale-up of programs in sectors such as health and education.

•Weak Governance and Institutions:Governments in developing countries have primary responsibility for pro-moting equitable ,sustainable economic growth and hu-man development.Governments that are unaccountable ,inefficient,and/or do not respect human rights make growth and human development much more difficult.

•Conflict and Instability:Conflictnotonlystopsdevelop-mentbutreversesprogress,exacerbatinghunger,poverty, anddiseaseandsharplyincreasingratesofpremature death.Countriesemergingfromconflicthaveanopportunitytomakerapidimprovementsinhumandevelopment,butthesearefragileopportunitiesthatareeasily passedup. •Environmental Degradation:Manydevelopingcountriesfaceheightenedenvironmentalrisks.Deforestation, overfishing,droughts,andfloodsarelongstandingproblemsinsomeregions.Globalclimatechangehaspotentiallydevastatinglong-termconsequencessincehigher temperaturesharmmanycrops.