Homework Answers
Since the rate determining step of the SN1 reaction involves only the halo alkane while the rate determining step in SN2 reaction involves both the nucleophile as well as halo alkane. Therfore increasing the concentration of nucleophile increases rate of reaction in SN2 but not in SN1
Also using more highly subsituted alkyl halide also increase the rate of SN2
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Question 21 Which of the following would increase the proportion of a substitution reaction that proceeds...
Which of the following would increase the proportion of a substitution reaction that proceeds via a...
Which of the following would increase the proportion of a substitution reaction that proceeds via a SN2 mechanism, rather than SN1? (choose all correct answers) Group of answer choices Use a less reactive nucleophile. Use a more highly substituted alkyl halide. Increase the concentration of the alkyl halide. Increase the concentration of the nucleophile
Which of the following would increase the proportion of a substitution reaction that proceeds via a...
Which of the following would increase the proportion of a substitution reaction that proceeds via a $ 2 mechanism, rather than S, 1? (choose all correct answers) Use a less reactive nucleophile. Use a more highly substituted alkyl halide. Increase the concentration of the alkyl halide. Increase the concentration of the nucleophile Which of the following reactions would most likely proceed via a SN 1 mechanism? (choose all correct answers) + CH3OH Br + HO- Br + CN + HBr...
Question 23 By what mechanism would the following compounds react? Br - ?? Sw1 • 512...
Question 23 By what mechanism would the following compounds react? Br - ?? Sw1 • 512 Question 21 Which of the following would increase the proportion of a substitution reaction that proceeds via a 5x2 mechanism, rather than Sw1? (choose all correct answers) Use a less reactive nucleophile. Use a more highly substituted alkyl halide. Increase the concentration of the alkyl halide. Increase the concentration of the nucleophile
Please fill out the following table, indicating the category of reaction (Swi or Sm2) that will...
Please fill out the following table, indicating the category of reaction (Swi or Sm2) that will occur in each set of alkyl halides and nucleophiles. If no reaction occurs, write 'NR." Alkyl Halide Strong Nucleophile Weak Nucleophile SN2 SNZ SN2 SNI SNL SNU SNI SNI Methyl 10 2° 3° When determining which mechanism (Sw1 or S2) occurs, the following process is helpful: 1) Determine the substitution (methyl, 1º, 2º, or 3º) of the alkyl halide 2) Determine the strength of...
17. Which of the following statements is true? A. An Sw1 reaction always proceeds faster than...
17. Which of the following statements is true? A. An Sw1 reaction always proceeds faster than an S2 reaction. B. An Sw2 reaction is not stereospecific C. Good alkyl halide substrates for an E1 reaction are also good for an E2 reaction. D. Increasing the alkyl halide concentration enhances the reaction rate of an Sw1 reaction but not that of an E2 reaction. 18. For the following reaction, what happens to the reaction rate if the concentration of NaN, is...
5. (a) The following is a substitution reaction using a sulfonium ion, which has a sulfur-based...
5. (a) The following is a substitution reaction using a sulfonium ion, which has a sulfur-based leaving group, rather than an alkyl halide. Four different nucleophiles were used in the substitution reaction and their rates were measured Rationalize the trend in reaction rates and indicate the dominant mechanism in each case Nu SPh2 Ph OH SH Rate 3.9 3.8 74 257 (b) (R)-2-Bromooctane was stirred with excess sodium iodide in acetone at room temperature for 2 days. Write an equation...
HO Regarding the following reaction: 1) a. Classify the alkyl halide as tertiary, secondary, or primary....
HO Regarding the following reaction: 1) a. Classify the alkyl halide as tertiary, secondary, or primary. b. Based on your answers to la, deduce whether the alkyl halide would be suitable for (i) only S2 reactions, (ii) only Ss 1 reactions, or (1) both/either S2 or S1 reactions. 2) a. Classify the nucleophile (the electron-sharer) as either strong or weak b. Based on your answer to 2a, deduce whether the nucleophile would be suitable for (i) only Sw2 reactions, (1)...
For the following reaction, the cyanide nucleophile could reasonably substitute at either of two positions. One...
For the following reaction, the cyanide nucleophile could
reasonably substitute at either of two positions. One mechanism
produces 4-cyanoheptane and dimethylsulfide. The competing
mechanism produces 4-methylthioheptane and acetonitrile (CH3CN). In
practice, only one substitution is observed. Choose the most likely
mechanistic pathway for this reaction and draw both of the
products. Select whether it proceeds via an SN1 or SN2
mechanism.
This is a Mixed question/ It is worth 4 points / You have unlimited attempts / There is a...
Question 17 3.33 pts Which of the following statements related to Sw1 reactions is not true?...
Question 17 3.33 pts Which of the following statements related to Sw1 reactions is not true? The SNireaction can be described as a heterolytic attack between solvent on alkyl halide followed by nucleophilic attack. Carbocations are electrophiles The charged carbon atom of a carbocation has an unfilled valence shell Nucleophiles are Lewis acids Question 18 3.33 pts The reaction of methyl iodide with azide (N) proceeds by an S2 mechanism. What is the effect of doubling the concentration of azide...
28) The reaction of tert-butyl bromide, (CH,)CBr, with ethanol affords the substitution product tert-butyl ethyl ether,...
28) The reaction of tert-butyl bromide, (CH,)CBr, with ethanol affords the substitution product tert-butyl ethyl ether, (CH)1COCH CH, in acidic conditions. What would happen to the rate of the reaction if the concentration of ethanol was doubled? A) The rate remains the same. B) The rate decreases by a factor of 2 C) The rate increases by a factor of 2. D) The rate increases by a factor of 4. Circle the following alkyl halide that will undergo the fastest...
Which of the following would increase the proportion of a substitution reaction that proceeds via a $ 2 mechanism, rather than S, 1? (choose all correct answers) Use a less reactive nucleophile. Use a more highly substituted alkyl halide. Increase the concentration of the alkyl halide. Increase the concentration of the nucleophile Which of the following reactions would most likely proceed via a SN 1 mechanism? (choose all correct answers) + CH3OH Br + HO- Br + CN + HBr...
Question 23 By what mechanism would the following compounds react? Br - ?? Sw1 • 512 Question 21 Which of the following would increase the proportion of a substitution reaction that proceeds via a 5x2 mechanism, rather than Sw1? (choose all correct answers) Use a less reactive nucleophile. Use a more highly substituted alkyl halide. Increase the concentration of the alkyl halide. Increase the concentration of the nucleophile
Please fill out the following table, indicating the category of reaction (Swi or Sm2) that will occur in each set of alkyl halides and nucleophiles. If no reaction occurs, write 'NR." Alkyl Halide Strong Nucleophile Weak Nucleophile SN2 SNZ SN2 SNI SNL SNU SNI SNI Methyl 10 2° 3° When determining which mechanism (Sw1 or S2) occurs, the following process is helpful: 1) Determine the substitution (methyl, 1º, 2º, or 3º) of the alkyl halide 2) Determine the strength of...
17. Which of the following statements is true? A. An Sw1 reaction always proceeds faster than an S2 reaction. B. An Sw2 reaction is not stereospecific C. Good alkyl halide substrates for an E1 reaction are also good for an E2 reaction. D. Increasing the alkyl halide concentration enhances the reaction rate of an Sw1 reaction but not that of an E2 reaction. 18. For the following reaction, what happens to the reaction rate if the concentration of NaN, is...
5. (a) The following is a substitution reaction using a sulfonium ion, which has a sulfur-based leaving group, rather than an alkyl halide. Four different nucleophiles were used in the substitution reaction and their rates were measured Rationalize the trend in reaction rates and indicate the dominant mechanism in each case Nu SPh2 Ph OH SH Rate 3.9 3.8 74 257 (b) (R)-2-Bromooctane was stirred with excess sodium iodide in acetone at room temperature for 2 days. Write an equation...
HO Regarding the following reaction: 1) a. Classify the alkyl halide as tertiary, secondary, or primary. b. Based on your answers to la, deduce whether the alkyl halide would be suitable for (i) only S2 reactions, (ii) only Ss 1 reactions, or (1) both/either S2 or S1 reactions. 2) a. Classify the nucleophile (the electron-sharer) as either strong or weak b. Based on your answer to 2a, deduce whether the nucleophile would be suitable for (i) only Sw2 reactions, (1)...
For the following reaction, the cyanide nucleophile could
reasonably substitute at either of two positions. One mechanism
produces 4-cyanoheptane and dimethylsulfide. The competing
mechanism produces 4-methylthioheptane and acetonitrile (CH3CN). In
practice, only one substitution is observed. Choose the most likely
mechanistic pathway for this reaction and draw both of the
products. Select whether it proceeds via an SN1 or SN2
mechanism.
This is a Mixed question/ It is worth 4 points / You have unlimited attempts / There is a...
Question 17 3.33 pts Which of the following statements related to Sw1 reactions is not true? The SNireaction can be described as a heterolytic attack between solvent on alkyl halide followed by nucleophilic attack. Carbocations are electrophiles The charged carbon atom of a carbocation has an unfilled valence shell Nucleophiles are Lewis acids Question 18 3.33 pts The reaction of methyl iodide with azide (N) proceeds by an S2 mechanism. What is the effect of doubling the concentration of azide...
28) The reaction of tert-butyl bromide, (CH,)CBr, with ethanol affords the substitution product tert-butyl ethyl ether, (CH)1COCH CH, in acidic conditions. What would happen to the rate of the reaction if the concentration of ethanol was doubled? A) The rate remains the same. B) The rate decreases by a factor of 2 C) The rate increases by a factor of 2. D) The rate increases by a factor of 4. Circle the following alkyl halide that will undergo the fastest...
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