Question

Write a detailed note on "Sustainable Development goals", Use the APA format you can seach for it online and it should be minimum about 1000 words. This topic comes under "Health Economics".

Answer 1

Sustainable development is prime agenda as forecasted by the United Nations and has identified following prime parameters which requires large scale development and wholesome changes for effective world:

1. No Poverty
2. Zero Hunger
3. Good Health and Wellbeing
4. Quality of Education
5. Gender equality
6. Clean water sanitation accessibility
7. Affordable and clean energy
8. Decent work and economic growth
9. Industrial innovation and infrastructure development
10. Reduced inequality
11. Sustainability in cities and communities
12. Responsibility in consumption
13. Climate Action
14. Life below water
15. Life on Land
16. Peace, justice and stronger institutions
17. Collaborative efforts for goals.

Women and girls, anywhere will have equal rights and opportunity, and shall able to live with freedom from violence & discrimination. Women equality and empowerment is one of topmost required seventeen Sustainable Development Goals, but also extremely important to all dimensions of inclusive growth and sustainable transformation  

Also, Gender equality by 2025 itself requires urgent action to eliminate and exhaust many root causes of discrimination that still prevalent and curb women rights in private and public entitues. For example, discriminatory laws should need to change coupled with legislation implementing to proactively promote equality. Still many countries still dont have basic laws in protecting women from domestic violence and crimes, while 22 of them bar equal inheritance rights for daughters & sons. Eliminating gender based violence is top priority, given that this is exclusivelyoone of the most highly sought aftere human rights violations in the globe Based on data from more than 80 countries, 1 in 5 women and girls under the age of 45 shall have experienced physical related violence by within the last 12 months as repirted. Harmful practices, old beliefs, rigid trasitions such as child marriage cause to steal the childhood of millions of girls under 18 year on year.

Women have been seen doing 2.6 times more unpaid care work or volunteering domestic work than men usually do. Whilst families, many communities and economies depend on this work largely for women it results in lower households income and lessee time to indulge in discretionary activities. In addition to equal and optimal allocation of economic resources, which is not only a right, but fastens the development in multiple regional areas, which needs to be a transparent balance of ownership and responsibility for unpaid and voluntary care work between both gender and also accept LGBT Community as seen in India.

Sexual and reproductive rights are critical in their own right. Shortfalls in these multiply other forms of discrimination, depriving women of education and decent work, for example. Yet only 52 per cent of women married or in a union freely make their own decisions about sexual relations, contraceptive use and health care.

While more women have already marked presence in political positions in past 4 years, including through the implementation of special quotas, they still hold very meagre 23.7 per cent of all cumulative parliamentary seats, far short of the total majority . The situation neither has been much better in the private sector where women and other LGBT as gender globally record less than a third of senior skilled and middle management roles in workplaces

The criticisms go as some of the SDGs have been very contradictory. For example, considering high levels of quantitative and calculative GDP growth as opposed to more value bases qualitative reguonal and economic development and the goal of optimised distribution of economic services and product) might truly in large sense undermine ecological, inequality, reduction, and sustainability related global standards and objectives. Similarly, increasing employment opportunities and overall standards of wages can completely contradict reducing the cost of living.

References :

United Nations Official Documents, Retrieved October 2016, Page 134.