Answer -
a. Answer -
Dakota Company | ||||||||||
Accounting Equation for 2018 | ||||||||||
Event | Assets | Liabilities | + | Stockholders equity | Account titles for retained earnings | |||||
Cash | + | Land | = | Notes payable | + | Common stock | + | Retained earnings | ||
Bal. 1/1/2018 | $5500 | + | $20000 | = | $0 | + | $10000 | + | $15500 | |
1 | $25000 | + | = | + | $25000 | + | NA | |||
2 | -$25000 | + | $25000 | = | + | + | NA | |||
3 | $10000 | + | = | $10000 | + | + | NA | |||
4 | $36000 | + | = | + | + | $36000 | Service revenue | |||
5 | -$1000 | + | = | + | + | -$1000 | Utilities expense | |||
6 | -$28000 | + | = | + | + | -$28000 | Other operating expenses | |||
7 | -$2000 | + | = | + | + | -$2000 | Dividends | |||
8 | + | = | + | + | NA | |||||
Total | $20500 | + | $45000 | = | $10000 | + | $35000 | + | $20500 |
Calculation:
1. Acquired $25000 cash from issue of common stock, its increase cash balance of company by $25000 and also increase common stock by $25000.
2. Paid $25000 cash to purchase land, its decrease cash balance of company by $10000 and increase land value by $25000.
3. Borrowed $10000 cash, its increase cash balance by $10000 and also increase notes payable by $10000
4. Provided services for $36000 cash, its increase cash balance by $36000 and increase retained earnings by $36000 (Providing services are generating revenue for company).
5. Paid $1000 cash for utilities expense, its decrease cash balance by $1000 and also decrease retained earnings by $1000.
6. Paid $28000 cash for other operating expenses, its decrease cash balance by $28000 and also decrease retained earnings by $28000.
7. Paid a $2000 cash dividend to the stockholders, its decrease cash balance by $2000 and also decrease retained earnings by $2000 (Payment for dividends are expense for company).
b1. Answer -
Dakota Company | |
Income Statement | |
For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 | |
Service revenue | $36000 |
Less: Utilities expense | -$1000 |
Less: Other operating expenses | -$28000 |
Net income | $7000 |
Calculation:
Net income = Service revenue - (Utilities expense + Other operating expenses)
= $36000 - ($1000 + $28000)
= $7000
b2. Answer -
Dakota Company | ||
Statement of Changes in Stockholders Equity | ||
For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 | ||
Beginning common stock | $10000 | |
Add: Common stock issued | $25000 | |
Ending common stock | $35000 | |
Beginning retained earnings | $15500 | |
Add: Net income | $7000 | |
Less: Dividends paid | -$2000 | |
Ending retained earnings | $20500 | |
Total stockholders equity | $55500 |
Calculation:
1. Ending common stock = Beginning common stock + Issued common stock
= $10000 + $25000
= $35000
2. Ending retained earnings = Beginning retained earnings + Net income - Dividends paid
= $15500 + $7000 - $2000
= $20500
3. Total stockholders equity = Ending common stock + Ending retained earnings
= $35000 + $20500
= $55500
b3. Answer -
Dakota Company | ||
Balance Sheet | ||
As of December 31, 2018 | ||
Assets: | ||
Cash | $20500 | |
Land | $45000 | |
Total assets | $65500 | |
Liabilities: | ||
Notes payable | $10000 | |
Total liabilities | $10000 | |
Stockholders equity: | ||
Common stock | $35000 | |
Retained earnings | $20500 | |
Total stockholders equity | $55500 | |
Total liabilities and stockholders equity | $65500 |
Calculation:
Land = Beginning balance + Purchase of land
= $20000 + $25000
= $45000
b4. Answer -
Dakota Company | ||
Statement of Cash Flows | ||
For the Year Ended December 31, 2018 | ||
Cash flows from operating activities: | ||
Cash receipts from customers (Service revenue) | $36000 | |
Cash paid for utilities expense | -$1000 | |
Cash paid for other operating expenses | -$28000 | |
Net cash flow from operating activities | $7000 | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | ||
Cash paid for purchase land | -$25000 | |
Net cash flow from investing activities | -$25000 | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | ||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock | $25000 | |
Proceeds from issuance of notes payable | $10000 | |
Cash payment for dividends | -$2000 | |
Net cash flow from financing activities | $33000 | |
Net increase in cash | $15000 | |
Add: Beginning cash balance | $5500 | |
Ending cash balance | $20500 |
Note - Proceeds from issuance of notes payable = Borrowed $10000 cash by issuing note.
c. Answer -
Percentage of assets | 31.30% |
Can you determine the cash in retained earnings? | No |
Calculation:
1. Percentage of assets provided by retained earnings
= (Retained earnings / Total assets) * 100
= ($20500 / $65500) * 100
= 31.30%
2. Cash cannot be directly determined or traced in retained earnings. Retained earnings are used to pay liabilities and expenses or to purchase fixed assets for a company.
Dakota Company experienced the following events during 2018: 1. Acquired $25.000 cash from the issue of...
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