Question

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increase size 23) "Distinguishing physiological left ventricular hypertrophy of an athlete's heart from that of pathological left ventricular (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy) can be difficult despite the advent of new imaging techniques. Nevertheless, the final diagnosis is of utmost importance as it will have a profound impact on an individual's life. (...) The term 'hypertrophic cardiomyopathy' is used to describe the non-obstructive form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (...) When the more severe obstructive form is being described, the term 'hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy' is used." Which of the following etiological factor(s) is/are most likely to cause the physiological left ventricular hypertrophy typically observed in athletes? a) High blood pressure b) Atherosclerosis c) Chronic exercise d) Pregnancy e) Ischemia 24) To which category of hypertrophy do hypertrophy cardiomyopathies belong to? a) Physiological b) Pathological 25) Which hypertrophic cardiomyopathy would also be referred to adaptive hypertrophy? a) Obstructive b) Non-obstructive 26) Which hypertrophy cardiomyopathy would you predict to have the best prognosis? a) Obstructive b) Non-obstructive

Answer 1

23. C. Chronic exercise causes physiological left ventricle hypertrophy in athletes as the heart needs to pump more to compensate the energy needs of body organs in exercise.

24. B. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is abnormal thickening of cardiac muscles therefore it is pathological.

25. B.Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are of two types depending upon the fact that the thickened heart muscle obstruct or non obstructing at the level of mitral valve.

adaptive hypertrophy is normal response of an organ by increasing in size to increasing demands. Non obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is also called adaptive hypertophy.

26.a. Obstructive cardiomyopathy seems to have best prognosis with surgical myectomy or medical therapy