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biochem
4. Step 8 of glycolysis (below) is readily reversible (AG=0) at 310 K. If 2-phosphoglycerate...
4. What is the commited step of glycolysis and how is this enzyme regulated? 5. Glyceraldehyde-3-phophate...
4. What is the commited step of glycolysis and how is this enzyme regulated? 5. Glyceraldehyde-3-phophate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is the most important enzyme in glycolysis. a. What two reactions are coupled by GAPDH? b. Draw the structure of the thiohemiacetal intermediate and show the mechanism for generating the acyl thioester intermediate. A+Bred Ared +B For the reaction: AG = Given: ngAE RT In n[Aj{8,al Nernst Equation: AE=A Use the reduction potentials in Table 14-4 to calculate the electromotive force, AE,...
3. The reaction in gluconeogenesis that converts 3-phosphoglycerate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is at right. The AGC for...
3. The reaction in gluconeogenesis that converts 3-phosphoglycerate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is at right. The AGC for this reaction is +18.9 kJ/mol. H-C-OH o HC - H-C-OH H2C 0 ATP ADP P-O 0 3-phosphoglycerate 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate a) What is the concentration of 3-phosphoglycerate under standard state conditions? b) In the hepatocyte, this reaction is near equilibrium. What is the AG in the cell? c) What is the ratio of products-to-reactants for this reaction in the hepatocyte? Assume the temperature is 25°C (298...
1. 2. 3. 4. Select all that apply. Identify the reaction(s) of glycolysis inhibited by ATP □ glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate → 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate phosphoenolpyruvate +pyruvate 3-phosphoglycerate...
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Select all that apply. Identify the reaction(s) of glycolysis inhibited by ATP □ glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate → 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate phosphoenolpyruvate +pyruvate 3-phosphoglycerate ~2-phosphoglycerate 1) fructose-6-phosphate→ fructose-1,6-bisphosphate . glucose glucose-6-phosphate Select all that apply. Alcohol fermentation: consumes ATP as it produces ethanol. O produces carbon dioxide begins as pyruvate is decarboxylated to acetaldehyde in a reaction catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase m regenerates NAD requires the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase, In the figure below, what is the reaction occurring at the location...
2. The first step in glycolysis is catalyzed by the enzyme herokinase: glucose + ATP glucose-6-P...
2. The first step in glycolysis is catalyzed by the enzyme herokinase: glucose + ATP glucose-6-P + ADP This reaction can be thought of as two coupled reactions (P is phosphate): (1) glucose + P + glucose-6-P (2) ATP + ADP + P For the overall reaction, AG" = -16.7 kJ/mol. For the hydrolysis of ATP (equation 2), AG = -310 kJ/mol. All reactions are performed at 37°C. (a) What is AGº for reaction 1? Iglucose - 6-11 if AG...
Gibbs free energy change AG is defined as AG= AH-TAS. For a spontaneous process, AG<0. For...
Gibbs free energy change AG is defined as AG= AH-TAS. For a spontaneous process, AG<0. For a. reversible reaction at equilibrium, AG = 0. The equilibrium constant K of the reversible reaction is relate- AG"=-RTIn(K). Symbol 40" refers to thermodynamics standard condition: 298 K and 1 atm. Exercise:consider the following reaction: bo:pfoiex 2 HNO:(aq)+NO(g)- 3 NO2(g) + H2O(I) AH=+136.5 kJ; AS = +287.5 J/K a. Below what temperature does the following reaction becomes nonspontaneous? niliod sis anotsole s ob io...
0%-1010 kJ/mol,xn eaction 1: 4NH 3(8) +5 0(8)4 NO(8) + 6 H2O0D) Reaction 2: 2 NO...
0%-1010 kJ/mol,xn eaction 1: 4NH 3(8) +5 0(8)4 NO(8) + 6 H2O0D) Reaction 2: 2 NO 2(8) 2 NO(8) + 02(g) Reaction 3: 4 NO 28)+O2(8)+2 H2OD4 HNO3a)AG 10kJ/moln Based on the values of ΔG° for the three reactions represented above, what is the value of for the reaction represented below? 4 NH,(8) +802(8) 4 HNO ,(aq)+4 H,OO) (A) -1040 kJ/mol (B) -1110 kJ/mol, (C) -1250 kJ/mol (D) -1320 kJ/mol an 2 NO(8)N,048)
21.) Consider the standard free energies shown below(T =37 °C, R-8.3 145 J/mole K) : UDP-Glucuronate...
21.) Consider the standard free energies shown below(T =37 °C, R-8.3 145 J/mole K) : UDP-Glucuronate + H20 UTP+ H2O M+ Pi+ PPE+ H202Pi AG =-36.9 kJ/mol 39 AG =-32.5 kJ/mol -32.5 AG-33.6 kJ/mol 1-Phosphoglucuronate+UMP+ (A) (3 pts) Calcul ate AG & Keg for the following reaction. 1-Phosphoglucuronate + UTP + H2O UDP-Glucuronate + 2Pi (B) (2 pts) Which of the following statements best describe this reaction? (A)The reaction is irreversible under standard conditions. (B) The reaction is reversible under...
(8 pts) During glycolysis (a biological pathway we will investigate later in the semester), glyceraldehyde- 3-phosphate...
(8 pts) During glycolysis (a biological pathway we will investigate later in the semester), glyceraldehyde- 3-phosphate is oxidized and phosphorylated to a carboxylic acid derivative (a phosphoanhydride). Using thermodynamic values for the catalyzed and uncatalyzed reactions below, determine equilibrium constant (K ) for the reaction. At STP, does the reaction equilibrium lie on the reactants or products side of the reaction? Glyceraldehyde- CH2OPO,2- 3-Phosphate CH,OPO, Dehydrogenase НО. HO OPO, Н NADH NAD -at STP (AG°° = 6.3 kJ/mol), calculate Key...
2. Calculate K for the reaction: IC (g) at 298 K CH,(g) + 3Cl2(g) = CHCI;(8) + 3HCI(g) at 2 A/Gº(CH.(g)) = -50....
2. Calculate K for the reaction: IC (g) at 298 K CH,(g) + 3Cl2(g) = CHCI;(8) + 3HCI(g) at 2 A/Gº(CH.(g)) = -50.72 kJ/mol A,Gº(CHCI (g)) = -71.1 kJ/mol AG°(HCl(g)) --95.30 kJ/mol 10-14 at 25 °C. Find the value of K, 3. For the following chemical equilibrium, Kp = 4.6 x 10-14 at 25 for this reaction at 25 °C. 2012(g) + 2 H2O(g) = 4 HCI(g) + O2(g)
like me to grade. I vow did the take homeow 1. In glycolysis, the enzyme pyruvate...
like me to grade. I vow did the take homeow 1. In glycolysis, the enzyme pyruvate the enzyme pyruvate kinase catalyzes this reaction phosphoenolpyruvate + ADP - pyruvate + ATP caction using the information provided a. What is the equilibrium constant for below? (R-8.315 J/mol K; T = 298 K) Reaction 1: ATP - ADP +P Reaction 2: phosphoenolpyruvate vale pyruvate + PAG AG"=-30.5 kJ/mol pyruvate + P AGⓇ = -61.9 kJ/mol ntrations are provided below, what is the actual...
4. What is the commited step of glycolysis and how is this enzyme regulated? 5. Glyceraldehyde-3-phophate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is the most important enzyme in glycolysis. a. What two reactions are coupled by GAPDH? b. Draw the structure of the thiohemiacetal intermediate and show the mechanism for generating the acyl thioester intermediate. A+Bred Ared +B For the reaction: AG = Given: ngAE RT In n[Aj{8,al Nernst Equation: AE=A Use the reduction potentials in Table 14-4 to calculate the electromotive force, AE,...
3. The reaction in gluconeogenesis that converts 3-phosphoglycerate to 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is at right. The AGC for this reaction is +18.9 kJ/mol. H-C-OH o HC - H-C-OH H2C 0 ATP ADP P-O 0 3-phosphoglycerate 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate a) What is the concentration of 3-phosphoglycerate under standard state conditions? b) In the hepatocyte, this reaction is near equilibrium. What is the AG in the cell? c) What is the ratio of products-to-reactants for this reaction in the hepatocyte? Assume the temperature is 25°C (298...
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Select all that apply. Identify the reaction(s) of glycolysis inhibited by ATP □ glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate → 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate phosphoenolpyruvate +pyruvate 3-phosphoglycerate ~2-phosphoglycerate 1) fructose-6-phosphate→ fructose-1,6-bisphosphate . glucose glucose-6-phosphate Select all that apply. Alcohol fermentation: consumes ATP as it produces ethanol. O produces carbon dioxide begins as pyruvate is decarboxylated to acetaldehyde in a reaction catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase m regenerates NAD requires the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase, In the figure below, what is the reaction occurring at the location...
2. The first step in glycolysis is catalyzed by the enzyme herokinase: glucose + ATP glucose-6-P + ADP This reaction can be thought of as two coupled reactions (P is phosphate): (1) glucose + P + glucose-6-P (2) ATP + ADP + P For the overall reaction, AG" = -16.7 kJ/mol. For the hydrolysis of ATP (equation 2), AG = -310 kJ/mol. All reactions are performed at 37°C. (a) What is AGº for reaction 1? Iglucose - 6-11 if AG...
Gibbs free energy change AG is defined as AG= AH-TAS. For a spontaneous process, AG<0. For a. reversible reaction at equilibrium, AG = 0. The equilibrium constant K of the reversible reaction is relate- AG"=-RTIn(K). Symbol 40" refers to thermodynamics standard condition: 298 K and 1 atm. Exercise:consider the following reaction: bo:pfoiex 2 HNO:(aq)+NO(g)- 3 NO2(g) + H2O(I) AH=+136.5 kJ; AS = +287.5 J/K a. Below what temperature does the following reaction becomes nonspontaneous? niliod sis anotsole s ob io...
0%-1010 kJ/mol,xn eaction 1: 4NH 3(8) +5 0(8)4 NO(8) + 6 H2O0D) Reaction 2: 2 NO 2(8) 2 NO(8) + 02(g) Reaction 3: 4 NO 28)+O2(8)+2 H2OD4 HNO3a)AG 10kJ/moln Based on the values of ΔG° for the three reactions represented above, what is the value of for the reaction represented below? 4 NH,(8) +802(8) 4 HNO ,(aq)+4 H,OO) (A) -1040 kJ/mol (B) -1110 kJ/mol, (C) -1250 kJ/mol (D) -1320 kJ/mol an 2 NO(8)N,048)
21.) Consider the standard free energies shown below(T =37 °C, R-8.3 145 J/mole K) : UDP-Glucuronate + H20 UTP+ H2O M+ Pi+ PPE+ H202Pi AG =-36.9 kJ/mol 39 AG =-32.5 kJ/mol -32.5 AG-33.6 kJ/mol 1-Phosphoglucuronate+UMP+ (A) (3 pts) Calcul ate AG & Keg for the following reaction. 1-Phosphoglucuronate + UTP + H2O UDP-Glucuronate + 2Pi (B) (2 pts) Which of the following statements best describe this reaction? (A)The reaction is irreversible under standard conditions. (B) The reaction is reversible under...
(8 pts) During glycolysis (a biological pathway we will investigate later in the semester), glyceraldehyde- 3-phosphate is oxidized and phosphorylated to a carboxylic acid derivative (a phosphoanhydride). Using thermodynamic values for the catalyzed and uncatalyzed reactions below, determine equilibrium constant (K ) for the reaction. At STP, does the reaction equilibrium lie on the reactants or products side of the reaction? Glyceraldehyde- CH2OPO,2- 3-Phosphate CH,OPO, Dehydrogenase НО. HO OPO, Н NADH NAD -at STP (AG°° = 6.3 kJ/mol), calculate Key...
2. Calculate K for the reaction: IC (g) at 298 K CH,(g) + 3Cl2(g) = CHCI;(8) + 3HCI(g) at 2 A/Gº(CH.(g)) = -50.72 kJ/mol A,Gº(CHCI (g)) = -71.1 kJ/mol AG°(HCl(g)) --95.30 kJ/mol 10-14 at 25 °C. Find the value of K, 3. For the following chemical equilibrium, Kp = 4.6 x 10-14 at 25 for this reaction at 25 °C. 2012(g) + 2 H2O(g) = 4 HCI(g) + O2(g)
like me to grade. I vow did the take homeow 1. In glycolysis, the enzyme pyruvate the enzyme pyruvate kinase catalyzes this reaction phosphoenolpyruvate + ADP - pyruvate + ATP caction using the information provided a. What is the equilibrium constant for below? (R-8.315 J/mol K; T = 298 K) Reaction 1: ATP - ADP +P Reaction 2: phosphoenolpyruvate vale pyruvate + PAG AG"=-30.5 kJ/mol pyruvate + P AGⓇ = -61.9 kJ/mol ntrations are provided below, what is the actual...
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