Question

I need help to complete this table. It,s about hypercapnia.

Patterns	Nursing Diagnosis	Interventions	Scientific Rational for intervention	Evaluation
1) 2) 3) 4) 5)	Nursing Diagnosis: Impaired gas exchange	Intervention Auscultate breath sounds Intervention Assess for signs and symptoms of impaired gas exchange Intervention Monitor heart rate and rhythm	1) 2) 3)	Evaluation 1: The patient has pulse oximetry readings within normal parameters. Evaluation 2: The patient has reduced signs and symptoms of impaired gas exchange. Evaluation 3: The patient exhibits improved arterial blood gas and oxygenation panel results from baseline.
1) 2) 3) 4) 5)	Nursing Diagnosis: Confusion	Intervention Plan uninterrupted rest periods for the patient. Intervention Administer IV fluids and electrolytes, as ordered. Intervention Administer supplemental oxygen, as ordered; monitor oxygen saturation level.	1) 2) 3)	Evaluation 1: Evaluation 2: Evaluation 3:
1) 2) 3) 4) 5)	Nursing Diagnosis: Ineffective Breathing Pattern	Intervention Auscultate breath sounds Intervention Monitor heart rate and rhythm Intervention Monitor respiratory rate, depth, and effort	1) 2) 3)	Evaluation 1: The patient exhibits adequate pulmonary function studies and readings for inspiratory pressure, minute ventilation, and vital capacity. Evaluation 2: The patient maintains normal pulse oximetry readings and/or arterial blood gas values. Evaluation 3: The patient maintains regular rate, rhythm, and adequate depth of breathing within baseline values.

Answer 1

●Patterns

• Tachypnea
• Shortness of breath
• Cyanosis
• Increased blood pressure
• Increased perspiration Disorientation

Scientific rationale for intervention

1. Breath sounds are the baseline to assess the status and plan for care.Absent sounds occurs in hemothorax or pneumothorax
2. The lebels of carbon dioxide is elevated
3. The patient due to impaired gas exchange leads to excessive work on heart and increases the blood pressure

●Patterns

• Irrelevant speech
• Not oriented to time palce and person
• Confused
• Inability to remember
• Anxiousness

Scientific rationale for intervention

1. Interruption can lead to breakage in continuity of thoughts
2. Imbalanced electrolytes and fluids leads to confusion
3. Decreased level of oxygen in blood will cease supply to brain causing confusion

Evaluation

1. The patient is able to communicate without any confusion
2. The patient has a normal electrolyte and fluid balance
3. The patient exhibits a normal oxygen saturation of 95% and above

●Patterns

• Rapid breath rate
• Coughing with secretion
• Abnormal breath sound and depth of respiration
• Shortness of breath
• Decreased oxygen saturation

Scientific rationale

1. Breath sounds are the baseline data and plan for care
2. The patient may experience tachycardia
3. The changes in rate, rhythm and depth in respiratory status are some symptoms