Homework Answers
1. Respiratory assessment includes : an initial assessment, history taking, inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation and investigation .
Routine data to be collected are :-
Airway - any stridor , exertion etc
Behaviour and feeding - normal ,or talks in sentence
Respiratory rate - assess RR
Accessory muscle use - yes or no
Oxygen is required or not
2. Normal lung chages associated with age :-
Alveolar surface area decreases.
Diffusion capacity decreases.
Elastic recoil decreases.
Bronchioles and alveolar ducts dilate.
Ability to cough decreases.
Airways close early.
Residual volume increases.
Vital capacity decreases.
Efficiency of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange decreases.
Elasticity decreases.
3. Barrel chest - Barrel chest has horizontal ribs and costal angle >90 degrees. Not equal anteroposterior-to-transverse diameter and that ribs are horizontal instead of the normal downward slope. This is associated with normal aging and also with chronic emphysema and asthma as a result of hyperinflation of lungs.
4. Mrs. Johnson is on 2L of oxygen because of Hypoxic drive
The backup trigger to breath. It is triggered by falling levels of oxygen rather than rising levels of carbon dioxide.
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