Question

1) Which of the following is NOT true about telomeres?

A) A telomere is a region of repetitive DNA at the end of a chromosome.

B) Telomeres are biological markers for aging.

C) A telomere protects the end of the chromosome from deterioration.

D) A telormere gets longer as people age.

2) Tasha is a researcher who studies factors that influence aging and how individuals cope with the aging process. Keisha is in the field of ________.

A) seniorology

B) cryonology

C) pedology

D) gerontology

3) Baby boomers are the generation born

A) between World War II and the early 1960's.

B) between World War I and World War II

C) during the Vietnam era.

D) between 1970 and the early1980's

4) The thought that jogging will cause bones and joints to degenerate more quickly is an example of the ________ theory of aging.

A) cellular

B) autoimmune

C) genetic mutation

D) wear-and-tear

5) After her stroke at the age of 80, Donna had urinary incontinence, meaning she had

A) slowing of the urinary stream flow.

B) kidney failure.

C) dietary phosphorus that interfered with urination.

D) no control over urination.

6) All of the following changes occur to the heart and lungs as a result of aging EXCEPT

A) vital capacity decreases.

B) stroke volume increases.

C) maximum heart rate decreases.

D) heart muscle thickens with age.

7) Unfortunately many drug interactions in elderly people are first diagnosed as ________ before the underlying cause is found.

A) adaptability

B) chronic illness

C) dementia

D) addiction

8) Which of the following statements about Alzheimer's disease is not true?

A) It is a disease in which brain cells die.

B) Nerve cells in the brain stop communicating with each other.

C) If caught early, its progression can be stopped.

D) It affects personality as well as memory.

9) Nutrients considered essential for healthy aging include all of the following EXCEPT

A) calcium.

B) sodium.

C) fiber

D) vitamin D.

10) All of the following are consequences of population growth EXCEPT

A) Food shortages and famine are occurring in many regions of the world.

B) rapid increase in the carbon footprint of global poplulations.

C) an increase in availability of clean water.

D) animal habitats being destroyed.

11) According to environmental experts, the most critical environmental challenge today is

A) slowing population growth in cities.

B) slowing population growth worldwide.

C) cleaning up landfills.

D) eliminating greenhouse gas.

12) Choosing to have only two children in order to help stabilize world population is an example of

A) negative population growth.

B) reproductive restriction.

C) limited procreation.

D) zero population growth.

13) Air pollutants listed in the Clean Air Act include all of the following EXCEPT

A) sulfur dioxide.

B) particulates.

C) carbon monoxide.

D) carbon dioxide.

E) nitric oxide.

14) A yellowish brown gas that is a by-product of burning fossil fuels is

A) sulfur dioxide.

B) carbon dioxide.

C) particulates.

D) carbon monoxide.

15) All of the following are EPA recommendations for reducing indoor air pollution EXCEPT

A) Controlling sources of pollution.

B) Install a ceiling fan.

C) Clean or filter indoor air.

D) Ventilating adequately.

16) You are looking for a clean air community where you can raise a family. You should probably avoid moving to

A) valley regions.

B) higher elevations.

C) coastal regions.

D) the desert plains of the southwestern United States.

17) You have been looking at numerous new homes. The nausea and fatigue you are attributing to the stress of buying a new house may actually be due to

A) asbestos.

B) radon.

C) carbon monoxide.

D) formaldehyde.

18) Increases in the planet's temperature over the past few decades can be attributed to

A) the increased use of chlorofluorocarbons since 1970.

B) excess carbon monoxide

C) acid rain.

D) the enhanced greenhouse effect.

19) The most predominant greenhouse gas is

A) carbon dioxide.

B) methane.

C) hydrochlorazine.

D) nitrous oxide.

20) Most experts agree that the only really effective way to reduce air pollution is to

A) move away from automobiles as the primary source of transportation.

B) eliminate mass transportation as much as possible.

C) eliminate all industrial waste laws.

D) make cars larger and heavier.

Answer 1

1) Which of the following is NOT true about telomeres?

A) A telomere is a region of repetitive DNA at the end of a chromosome. ---> TRUE

B) Telomeres are biological markers for aging. ---> TRUE

C) A telomere protects the end of the chromosome from deterioration. ---> TRUE

D) A telormere gets longer as people age. --> FALSE (telomer length decrease as people age)

The mitotic clock is regulated by the “telomeres” of the DNA. The telomeres contain a six base sequence repeated for several hundreds of times.

With each replication cycle, about 100-20 nucleotides are excised out, so, when a certain number of nucleotides are cut the cell division ceases. The rate of telomere shortening increases during stress, which decreases the lifespan of the cell.

2).

D. Gerontology

The root “ger/o/nt/o” refers to old age. Some of the medical words with this root word, and their meanings are given below:

Root	Suffix	Word	Meaning
ger/o/nt/o (old age)	-iatrics (speciality of, study of, or practice of)	Geriatrics	A medical speciality that diagnose and treat aged people
	-logy (study of)	Gerontology	The study of process of aging
	-logist (a person who specialized in a particular area)	Gerontologist	A specialist in the field of gerontology