Question

LEARNING THE LANGUAGE (KEY TERMS homologous Using your textbook or a standard medical dictionary, look up and write the definitions of each term. agglutination antibody antigen arrhythmia autologous autotransfusion electrolyte hematocrit hemoglobin hemolysis hypercalcemia hyperkalemia hypernatremia hypocalcemia hypokalemia hyponatremia hypovolemia intravenous isotonic metabolic acidosis

Answer 1

Agglutination:-It is the process of clumping. It occurs if an antigen is mixed with its corresponding antibody called isoagglutinin. This term is commonly used in blood grouping .

Antibody:-An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shaped protein produced mainly by plasma cells that is used by the immune system to neutralize pathogens such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses.

Antigen :-It is a toxin or other foreign substance which induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of antibodies.

Arrythmias :-An arrythmias is a problem with the rate or rhythm of your heartbeat. It means that your heart beats too quickly, too slowly, or with an irregular pattern. When the heart beats faster than normal, it is called tachycardia.

Autologous :- It is a part or tissue from one own self.

Autotransfusion :- It is a process wherein a person receives their own blood for a transfusion, instead of banked allogenic (separate-donor) blood.

Electrolyte:-A substance that dissociates into ions in solution acquires the capacity to conduct electricity. Sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, magnesium, and phosphate are examples of electrolytes.

Haematocrit :- The ratio of the volume of red blood cells to the total volume of blood.It is done by centrifugation.

Haemoglobin :-A red protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood of vertebrates. Its molecule comprises four subunits, each containing an iron atom bound to a haem group

Haemolysis :-It is the rupture or destruction of red blood cells.

Homologous :- Similar in position ,structure and evolutionary origin but not necessarily in function.

Hypercalcemia :- Increase in levels of calcium in blood.

Hyperkalemia :- Increase in levels of potassium in blood.

Hypernatremia :- Increase inlevels of sodium in blood.

Hypocalcemia :- Decrease in levels of calcium in blood.

Hypokalemia :- Decrease in levels of potassium in blood.

Hyponatremia :- Decrease in levels of sodium in blood.

Hypovolumia :- Decrease in volume of blood.

Intravenous :- Any fluid or drug put in vein

isotonic :- Fluid that has same osmolar concentration that of plasma.

Metabolic Acidosis :-It is a condition that occurs when the body produces excessive quantities of acid or when the kidneys are not removing enough acid from the body.