Question

Please put in your own words

Review View Help Layout References Mailings A A A A E "APA EEEE 1 L AaBbCcD1. AaBbc AaBb AaBb AaB Body Numbere. Heading 1 Heading 2 Headin 1 Socialization and Social Structure Worksheet Short-Answer Respond to the following in 50 to 75 words each, unless otherwise specified. 1. In 25 to 50 words each, describe the following perspectives of development of the self a. Cooley's Looking Glass Self b. Mead's Role Taking: c. Piaget's Development of Reasoning: 2. What role does socialization take in person ality, morality, emotions, and gender? How do different agents of socialization contribute? 3. In 20 to 25 words each, describe how socialization occurs in each of the following developmental periods: a. Childhood (birth to age 12): b. Adolescence (ages 13-17): Transitional Adulthood (ages 18-2 The Middle Years (ages 30 The Older Years (ages 65 and 4. Different societies have different social contribute to the macrosociological ucture? What components ructure? V SA SA

Answer 1

1) a. Cooleys looking glass self theory is proposed by Charles Horton Cooley.

The focus of this theory is the development of self-concept.

The theoretical assumption of this theory is we see ourselves as we believe other people see us

The underlying assumption of this theory is self-concept develops through relations with others

Perception-Effect Model :-

"I am not who I think I am. I am not who you think I am. I am who I think you think I am."

Perception produces self reality

#. Stages of the Looking-Glass Self :-

1. We imagine how we appear to others.

2. We imagine how others judge us.

3. We accept or reject presumed judgement of others through identity negotiation

1)b. Mead's role taking :-

Putting yourself in someone else's shoes, understanding how someone else feels and thinks, anticipating how the person will act

Attained gradually through childhood ,it's stages :-

-1st imitation

children under 3/ no sense of self/ imitate others words gestures

-2nd play

children 3-6/ play "pretend" with others/ like costumes

-3rd games

after 6-7/ organized play/ take multiple roles

1st part of self

"I" self as subject, active spontaneous and creative

2nd part of self

"Me" self as object, attitudes we internalize from interactions with others

1)c. Piagets development of reasoning :-

Piagetian Stages of cognitive development

- Sensorimotor (0-2 years)

- Preoperational (3-6 years)

- Concrete Operations (7-11 years)

- Formal Operations (12-)

1) Sensorimotor Stage

Coordination of senses with motor responses, sensory curiosity about the world. Language used for demands and cataloguing. Object permanence developed.

2) Preoperational Stage

Symbolic thinking, use of proper syntax and grammar to express full concept. Imagination and intuition are strong, but complex abstract thought still difficult. Cognitively egocentric, cannot adopt other viewpoints. Conservation developed.

- Lack of logical thinking

- egocentrism

3) Concrete Operations Stage

Concepts attached to concrete situations. Time, space and quantity are understood and can be applied, but not as independent concepts. There are internal logical operations and reasoning.

Many new notions develop: Conservations, Classification, Seriation, Number, Measuring, Perspective coordination, causality, time, space, moral reasoning.

4) Formal Operations Stage

Theoretical, hypothetical and counterfactual thinking. Abstract logic and reasoning. Strategy and planning become possible. Concept learned in one context can apply to another.

2) Socialization is a very important process in the forming of personality. Socialization occurs when an individual interacts with other Socialization allows all individuals in a community to develop very similar values, norms, and beliefs . Moral development is an important part of the socialization process. Moral development prevents people from acting on unchecked urges, instead considering what is right for society and good for others . Positive emotion socialization is thought to contribute to competencies ,whereasn egative emotion socialization is associated with problems in social adjustment. Society expects different attitudes and behaviors from boys and girls. Gender socialization is the tendency for boys and girls to be socialized differently. Boys are raised to conform to the male gender role, and girls are raised to conform to the female gender or role.