Question

13. Drug metabolizing enzymes are present in ...... but mainly in ..................... 13. Function of ...................... is important for the drug that is excreted unchanged. 10. pka is the ................. at which 50% of drugs present in an ionised form. 17. Renal excretion has 3 processes namely ......... .................... and ............... 18. The study of what the body does to the drug is known as ....... 19. Enzyme inducers .................. the effect of other drugs but the enzyme inhibitors ... the therapeutic effect of other agents if given together. 20. Facilitated transport requires ..................... and facilitator. 21. Transport of drug by passive diffusion requires ............. solubility. 22. Drug activity may be terminated by (1) ........ (2)..... (3). soluble 23. Lipid soluble drugs are better .................... from the renal tubules whereas ................ drugs are readily excreted via the kidney. 24. Liberation means ........................ of active ingredient from the dosage form. 25. Bioavailability is .......................... of administered dose that reach the systemic circulation as form. 26. Absorption of orally administered drug is impaired by the presence of .............. in the gut. 27. Plasma protein binding influences (1) ......... ......... duration of action (2).... ...magnitude of action

Answer 1

13.The drug metabolising enzyme can be seen in exocrine pancreatic tissue.They are mainly found in the liver .The enzymes are namely

• CYP1A2
• CYP2C9
• CYP2C19
• CYP2D6
• CYP2E1
• CYP3A4

The enzymes like cytochrome P450, cytochrome by,NADPH cytochrome and reductace with other enzymes are more drug metabolising enzymes

15.The kidneys are the primary source of excreting any drugs or waters from the body.Hence the function of kidney is very important for the drugs to be excreted unchanged

16.pKa is used to refer the strength of the acid. In case ifvitbis more it indicates the more acidic nature. It is the concentration of hydrogen ion (hydrogen ion concentration )and it exists nearly 50% in hydrophilic form

17.Renal system plays a key role in excretion of wastes from the body .This happens in three stages or in a process namely

• Filtration :The toxics,wastes are filtered through the glomerulus called as glomerular filtration
• Reabsorption:The water,molecules and ions are absorbed here
• Secretion: Here the contents like hydrogen ion, drugs,chemicals, creatinine, urea etch, are transferred from the circulatory system to the collecting duct