A 150 lb., 62-year-old man had a chronic productive cough, exertional dyspnea, mild cyanosis, and marked...

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A 150 lb., 62-year-old man had a chronic productive cough, exertional dyspnea, mild cyanosis, and marked...

A 150 lb., 62-year-old man had a chronic productive cough, exertional dyspnea, mild cyanosis, and marked slowing of forced expiration. Calculate the tidal volume (TV) for this person before and after the bronchodilator therapy.

His pulmonary function and laboratory tests follow:

Frequency	16 breaths/min
Alveolar ventilation	4.2 L/min
Vital capacity (VC)	2.2 L
Functional residual capacity (FRC)	4.0 L
Total lung capacity (TLC)	5.2 L
Maximum inspiratory flow rate	250 L/min
Maximum expiratory flow rate	20 L/min
PaO2	62 mm Hg
PaCO2	39 mm Hg

Pulmonary function tests after bronchodilator therapy:

Frequency	16 breaths/min
Alveolar ventilation	4.35 L/min
VC	2.4 L
FRC	4.0 L
TLC	5.2 L
Maximum inspiratory flow rate	250 L/min
Maximum expiratory flow rate	23 L/min
PaO2	62 mm Hg
PaCO2	38 mm Hgc

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Answer 1

Answer #1

Tidal volume is the lung volume representing the normal volume of air displaced between normal inhalation and exhalation when extra effort is not applied.

Formula :

Vital capacity = Inspiratory reserve volume + Tidal volume + Expiratory resrve volume

Vital capacity before bronchodilator therapy is 2.2 L

IRV before bronchodilator therapy is 250 L/min

ERV before bronchodilator therapy is 20 L/min

Applying this to the formula , 2.2L = 250 L/min + TV + 20L/min

2.2= 270 +TV

TV = 270-2.2 = 268.2 L/min

Vital capacity = Inspiratory reserve volume + Tidal volume + Expiratory resrve volume

Vital capacity after bronchodilator therapy is 2.4 L

IRV after bronchodilator therapy is 250 L/min

ERV after bronchodilator therapy is 23 L/min

Applying this to the formula , 2.4 L = 250 L/min + TV + 23 L/min

2.4= 273 +TV

TV = 273 -2.4 = 271.4 L/min

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Answer 2

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A 150 lb., 62-year-old man had a chronic productive cough, exertional dyspnea, mild cyanosis, and marked...

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