Question

5. Describe the symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and explain how it is treated. 6. Explain the Billings method of predicting ovulation. a woman recall what warning signs when taking 7. The acronym ACHES helps oral contraceptives? 8. Name three unreliable contraceptive methods.

Answer 1

5).

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an infection of the organs of the reproductive system in women, it occurs as a consequence of some of the sexually transmitted diseases such as gonorrhea and chlamydia, but not a sexually transmitted disease.

The PID is an acute inflammatory process caused due to infection. The inflammation involves the organs of the upper genital tract, and sometimes the entire peritoneal cavity. Salpingitis (inflammation of the fallopian tubes), and oophoritis (inflammation of the ovaries) also occur. PID often leads to the irreversible damage to the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries and other parts of the reproductive system, which may cause preventable infertility in women.

Symptoms of PID: Pain in the pelvic region and the lower abdominal region, abnormal pain or bleeding during the intercourse, heavy vaginal discharge with an unpleasant odor, and fever (with or without chills)

Diagnosis of PID: The pelvic examination reveals tenderness bilaterally, and abscess formation can be ruled out by ultrasound scan. The diagnosis can be confirmed by laparoscopy.

Treatment of PID: Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of PID is needed to minimize the damage to the reproductive system to the maximum possible extent. The treatment includes intravenous or oral antibiotics depending on the severity of the infection. If adhesions are formed around the fallopian tubes, the risk of ectopic pregnancy and infertility increases.