Question

Analyze the colonization process and describe the motivations for colonial expansion, the technique used to colonize, and the consequences for colonized peoples. What methods did imperial powers use in the employment of upper class indigenous peoples against t the lower classes?

Answer 1

'Colonization' is act/process in which a more powerful foreign power overpowers a less powerful nation and establishes its rule over that country to fulfill its ambitious goals using a number of political and strategic policies and tools.This is a gradual process depending upon a number of social,political,economical factors.Mainly this process was used by European nations to conquer nations around the world.Gradually they entered different countries as traders,well-wishers and soon gained the political control by utilising the weaknesses of the nations.we must be knowing that the Europeans were the first in the world to industrialize themselves with latest technologies in the field of arms and ammunitions.They had stiff competition among themselves and bouyed by a number of social,political and economical motives,they opted for this way.Amongst,economical reasons were the primary ones.They required established and assured sources of natural resources that could provide them a continous supply of raw materials for their growing industries.Also they needed wide market and consumer base where they can dump their mechanised goods and earn much profits.There were continous fights among inter-european powers for conquest.They demonstrated their might by conquering larger larger parts of world through colonisation and ruling over more countries.With the growth of industrialization and capitalisation,a number of social problems arose such as unemployment,poverty,homelessness,migration etc.,so in order to find solutions to these rising pressures,attempts of colonisation were made.Also,they wanted to spread christanity through out the world.

For these they opted for a number of strategical and brutal measures.They brutally captured the weak nations and resorted to number of social,political,economical measures to get control over powerful nations.They labelled themselves as traders and got different concessions on several grounds,got entry and strengthened them and gradually overthrown the rulers.They destroyed the cultural,religious and linguistic identities of people.They used the policy of divide and rule.They opted for repression,exploitationof the nation and its people pushing them to grim poverty and miseries leading to widespread famines,illness,crop failures,economic drain,violence etc.

They opted for several types of employment policies depending upon social structure and circumstances.Slavery was very much common practice,people were forced to do beggars,with no pay,no proper food,cloth and shelter in unhygienic environment.They created a gap among the higher and lower class workers and created an environment of suspicion and distrust among them.Upper class workers sometime used as domestic and official workers that helped them in day to day operations.They were also employed in the army and several small posts.The lower class deprived workers were mainly employed as slaves,beggars and plantation workers.