Question

During the 1960s many high-profile studies purported to show a direct link between cigarette consumption and heart disease. In response to these studies the government began to implement higher cigarette taxes as well as other restrictions that increased the cost of doing business for major cigarette manufacturers. How would you expect supply, demand, and the equilibrium price and quantity to change? O The demand for cigarettes would remain unchanged while supply shifts left. As a result the equilibrium quantity and price will decrease. O The demand for cigarettes would decrease while supply shifts rightwards. As a result the equilibrium price decreases while equilibrium quantity is impossible to determine with the given information. O The demand for cigarettes would decrease while supply shifts leftwards. As a result the equilibrium quantity decreases while equilibrium price is impossible to determine with the given information.

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Answer #1

The demand for cigarettes would decrease while supply shifts leftwards. As a result the equilibrium quantity decreases while equilibrium price is impossible to determine with the given information.

When government restricts and increases cost of production then production of cigarettes decreases in the market and shifts supply curve leftwards. Increase in tax on cigarettes decreases its consumption and thus demand falls and shifts it leftwards.

Leftward shift of demand and supply curve decreases equilibrium quantity for sure but its effect on equilibrium price is ambiguous because it depends upon the magnitude of shift of demand and supply curves.

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