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CHAPTER 4 Techniques for Understanding Consumer Demand and Behavior 109 t effect. ed that managers be familiar with both approaches because each provides useful ues need to realize that marketing analysis builkds on the fundamental eco- of demand and elasticity. Marketers take these basie economie n Table 3.7 in goies and develop analyses of brand differentiation, market segmentation, and dct pricing, While some of the formal statistical approaches used by econ nu of the public leat is to estimate demand relationships may appear abstract and academie to ofliasers and marketers, these approaches may do a better job of determining the roanagers different variables on demand, while holding all else constant. This infor. efleon is useful to both academic researchers attempting to improve the methods atiom and estimation and managers needing to make decisions about advertising the r how to counter the strategie moves of a competitor these issues with our demand and next chapter, we begin our discussion of production and cost. We then inte- consumer analysis to examine the competitive roducts actu- al consumer graredies and pricing policies of firms operating in different market environments ls, it would entry to theKey he weights adjusted R statistic, p.96 coefficient of determination direct consumer surveys, p. 87 expert opinion,p.87 multiple regression panel data, p. 92 simple regression analysis, p.94 95 targeted marketing. p. 89 test marketing, p. 88 time-series data, p.92 t-test, p. 95 t the most (R*).p.96 confidence interval, p. 95 conjoint analysis, p. 88 cross-sectional data, p. 92 degrees of freedom, p. 96 vailability price experiments, p. 88 Exercises like cotton candy or bourbon and others having ints of smokiness or a slight taste of wet card- board. Wendys narrowed the vanillas to two vari- eties and brought more than 100 consumer testers into stark white tasting booths at its head- quarters. The testers were told to take at least three bites of each sample before deciding which they preferred. They picked the sample with the stronger cotton candy flavoring. But a few said they didnt like the idea at all. Vanilla is just not Wendys, one tester wrote after sampling it. Since Wendys launched the vanilla Frosty in July Frosty sales have increased 25%. (Based on: Janet Adamy, Why No. 3 Wendys Finds Vanilla So Exciting, Wall Street Journal, April 6, 2007.) Technical Questions I. In each of the following examples, describe how the information given about consumer demand helped managers develop the appropriate strate- gies to increase profitability and how this informa- hat trade tion was obtained: a. For nearly four decades, Wendys International Inc. served only one kind of Frosty: a vanilla-and- chocolate hybrid thicker than a milk shake yet creamier than most fast-food ice cream. To con- nect with younger diners, Wendys is now revamping the Frosty, along with the rest of its menu by adding new flavors that come with wide straws and bubble-shaped tops. Research has shown that the Prosty is the No. 4 reason people go out of their way to visit Wendys. The company polled customers to ask which new flavors, including vanilla, cherry and strawberry, they liked best. Although Wendys settled on vanilla, picking the exact type of vanilla flavor took months. Suppliers brought Wendys 100 different varieties of vanilla flavoring with some tasting nation eting timat- b. The Oreo has long been the top-selling cookie in the U.S. market. But Kraft Foods Inc. had to rein- vent the Oreo to make it sell well in China given that the Chinese were not big cookie eaters. Kraft learned that traditional Oreos were too sweet for Chinese tastes and that the packages of 14 Oreos priced at 72 cents were too expensive. met- ve The company developed 20 prototypes of110 PART 1 Microeconomic Analysis to 1998 versus the annual per capita consun Each point represents the price and quantity reduced-sugar Oreos and tested them with for a given year. Explain whether simpl dala the data points would Chinese consumers before arriving at a formula that tasted right. The new Chinese Oreo con- line that approximates wu sisted of four layers of crispy wafers filled with vanilla and chocolate cream, coated in choco- give the demand curve for potatoes, late. Kraft developed a process to ensure that the chocolate product could be shipped across the country, withstand- tions. ing the cold climate in the north and the hot, humid weather in the south, yet still be ready to news a melt in the mouth. Kraft also noticed Chinas 50 150 growing thirst for milk and began a grassroots Quantity (lbs. per capita) marketing campaign to educate Chinese con sumers about the milk with cookies. The company created an Oreo Demand for Potatoes, 1989-1998 Explai apprentice program at 30 Chinese universities Source Daniel B. Suits,Agriculture,in The Structure of Armericon that drew 6,000 applicants (Based on: Julie Industry, ed. Walter Adams and James Brock 10th ed. (Upper Saddle 4. How c fact th they a 5. The f Jargon, Kraft Reformulates Oreo, Scores in River,NJ.: Prentice-Hall. 2001). China, Wall Street Journal, May 1, 2008.) c. In developing a line of talking toys aimed at chil- 3. The following table shows the regression coeff cients (B) and the t-statistics (0) for the variables influencing business traveler demand for hote rooms (including hotel prices and attributes) from the study that was discussed in this chapter and in dren in China, engineers at Fisher-Price had to struggle to perfect the Mandarin Sh sound, which involves a soft hiss that was difficult to encode on sound-data chips embedded in the toys. Developers finally solved the problem r 3. cording the phrase Its learning time! BUSINESS TRAVELER DEMAND FOR HOTEL ROOMS count examining the LCD screens on learning toys to Price (5/night determine whether Chinese characters can be Room displayed clearly. These challenges arise as 1 average Fisher-Price is pursuing new markets in Brazil, 2-inest Russia, and Poland, where brand-name American avwea toys for toddlers are just beginning to appear and 2-finest are perceived as novelties. Creating products for Check-in time (minutes) these markets has presented some unexpected hurdles such as the problem of recording 2-yes Mandarin. Previously, Fisher-Price encountered General staff performance problems with a reading toy called Storybook Rhymes that featured a traditional Turkish poem Frequent guest program paired with an illustration of a pig. Fisher-Price1-no officials realized this was not appropriate for a i Muslim country and replaced the pig with pic- 1-no tures of cats. Market researchers have been trav- 2-yes eling around the world searching for the next big Availability of free parking market for preschoolers such as India. Many 2 Indian mothers werent willing to make an invest- ment in the companys educational toys busePricing Strategies Jouraal of Bconomis and Business 1 research showed they didnt perceive the play- Reprinted by permission things as potential learning tools. But a shift in attitude began about two years ago, along with an increasing middle class able to purchase the toys. count 0.227 a. der b. Inc aff hyp Guaranteed reservation 0.169 1.52) ailability of nonsmoking floors On th 229 For upda Source Raymond S Hartaman, Hedonie for Evabuating Product Design 1980) 1-1 Which characteristics are most and least impor Plan: Pursue Toy Sales in Developing Markets, Wall Street Journal, May 29, 2008.) (Based on: Nicholas Casey, Fisher Price Game 4. In multiple regression analysis, explain why t i tant in influencing business traveler demand for hotel rooms? typical hypothesis that analysts want to test whether a particular regression coefficient 2. The following figure plots the average farm prices equal to zero (Ho B-0) versus whether of potatoes in the United States for the years 1989 ficient is not equal to zero (Hy: B*0) that cuef

Hello, I need question 1 sections a,b,and c. Please make around a page long.

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a. The information on the consumer demand of frosty being the number 4 reason for people to visit Wendy's brings attention of the managers to this product which was only offered in one hybrid flavour of vanilla and chocolate till date. This information has been obtained from a research and has helped Wendy's decide on bringing new flavours to their highly demanded Frosties. The new introduction of Vanilla flavour which has come into the market with consumer's taste approval has ultimately also led to an increase in the sales by 25%.

b. Kraft Foods Inc which is a major cookie producer wanted to expand its presence in the Chinese market. They learnt few things about the Chinese consumers and their taste before launching their cookie in the market such as their taste for less sugar and the high prices for the cookies. The company utilised this information to introduce a prototype appropriate for the Chinese market. The different climatic conditions of the north and south were also to be kept in mind before launching the final product to make sure that the product stays in its original form. The market information on consumer's thrust for milk also helped the cookie company market their product in a way which reflects the usage of milk in the production of cookies. All these consumer related information helped Kraft Foods launch their cookies in the chines market and they received many applications for the apprentice program hosed at several Chinese universities,

c. Fisher Price which produced learning toys for kids is introducing their products in newer markets such as Brazil, Russia and Poland. While incorporating a Turkish poem in one of their storybook products, based on the consumer information, they changed the animal character from pigs to cats because it could hurt the sentiments of the Muslim country. Also in the Chinese market, they wanted to perfect the Mandarin sound to connect with the Mandarin speaking consumers

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