Question

Chapter 40 Acyclovir Valacyclovir Anti-herpetic antiviral (synthetic nucleoside analogue) Amantadine (not commonly used) Oseltamivir Anti-influenza antiviral Drug Name Drug Class & Indication(s) Contraindications Common Adverse Effects Major Interactions Review instructions for applying topical How soon should anti-flu drugs be Nurse Considerations: (Examples: Age, renal/hepatic precautions, safety administration, lab monitoring, patient teaching)

Answer 1

contraindications

acyclovir: hypersensitivity

amantadine/oseltamivir: epilepsy, gastric ulcer, pregnancy.

adverse effects

acyclovir: nausea, vomiting, increased liver enzymes, itching or erythema, phlebitis, neural toxicity

amantadine: nausea, anorexia, lack of mental concentration, ankle oedema, hallucinations, insomnia

interactions

acyclovir, when used with probenecid, decreases urinary excretion and increases the half-life. when used with other nephrotoxic drugs increases the risk for renal impairment.

amantadine: with alcohol causes confusion and lightheadedness. amantadine may cause blurred vision.

nurse considerations

acyclovir:

• maintain adequate hydration
• topical treatment is effective only in early and mild cases
• renal impairment may occur

amantadine/ oseltamivir:

when treatment started at the onset of symptoms, reduces the severity and duration of illness.