Why is electrophoresis with hemoglobin component of 86.5% HbS key test for sickle cell anemia? How...
Why is electrophoresis with hemoglobin component of 86.5% HbS key test for sickle cell anemia? How is sickle cell anemia inherited? Why would reticulocyte percentage increase during a sickle cell attack?
Homework Answers
In sickle cell anemia, RBC becomes an elongated, rigid and sickle shape. These sickle cells obstruct the small blood vessels due to their shape. This results in vascular occlusions and minor infractions. This leads to the periodic painful crisis and also the permanent damage to the tissues and organs.
In-gel electrophoresis, gel (eg: agarose) is used to forms a limiting matrix, i.e. of different pore size. The molecules are separated based on their size over a period of time. The hemoglobin component of 86.5% HbS is a key test in sickle-cell diagnosis because of the size shape of sickle cells different from the normal cells.
Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive disorder of the hematopoietic system, in which the red blood cells become sickle-shaped and cannot carry oxygen. The symptoms include the decreased hemoglobin, high reticulocyte count and bilirubin levels. The high bilirubin is due to the damage of abnormal RBC. Sickle cell trait is the heterozygous condition. In this less than half of the hemoglobin contains abnormal HbS.
Clinical signs will have occurred only in the condition of severe hypoxic conditions like high altitudes or pneumonia. It induces increased production of reticulocytes due to the reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
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Why is electrophoresis with hemoglobin component of 86.5% HbS
key test for sickle cell anemia? How...
Detection of Sickle-Cell Disease by Gel Electrophoresis Firee samples of hemoglobin have been subjected to protein...
Detection of Sickle-Cell Disease by Gel Electrophoresis Firee samples of hemoglobin have been subjected to protein gel electrophoresis. Protein gel electrophoresis different composition. ) is carried out in the same manner as DNA gel electrophoresis (see Fig. 10.8) except the gel hasa 1. Sickle-cell hemoglobin (Hb) migrates more Figure 10.10 Gel slowly toward the positive pole than normal hemoglobin (Hb) because the amino acid valine has no polar R groups, whereas the amino acid +Pole glutamic acid does have a...
A mutation in one of the hemoglobin genes causes sickle cell anemia. The sickle cell allele,...
A mutation in one of the hemoglobin genes causes sickle cell anemia. The sickle cell allele, S, severely reduces fitness in people who are homozygotes, SS. In contrast, people with at least one normal hemoglobin allele, A, do not suffer the effects of sickle cell anemia, even if the individual is a heterozygote, AS. Interestingly, though, in areas with a high rate of malaria, heterozygotes that carry the sickle cell allele have a higher fitness than do individuals that are...
Sickle-cell Anemia Study Sickle-cell anemia or Sickle-cell disease, is a hereditary disorder. characterized by aryabnormality in...
Sickle-cell Anemia Study Sickle-cell anemia or Sickle-cell disease, is a hereditary disorder. characterized by aryabnormality in the oxygen-carrying hemoglobin molecule in erythrocytes. Sickle-cell conditions have an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance from parents. The sickle cell defect is a mutation of a single nucleotide of the hemoglobin B gene, which results in glutamic acid being substituted by a different amino acid at position 6. Hemoglobin with this mutation is referred to as Hbs, as opposed to the normal hemoglobin HbA....
Sickle-cell anemia is caused by a single point mutation in the hemoglobin of human red blood...
Sickle-cell anemia is caused by a single point mutation in the hemoglobin of human red blood cells. It is a recessive gene. People who have sickle cell anemia are homozygous recessive and suffer terribly from this disorder. Now I have stated in lecture that mutations are neither good nor bad. Rather it depends on how the mutation effects the survival of the species. If the mutation harms the survival of the species it is bad, if it helps the survival...
Protein molecules in solution can be separated from each other by taking advantage of their net...
Protein molecules in solution can be separated from each other by taking advantage of their net charges. In the electric field between two electrodes, a positively charged particle moves toward the negative electrode and a negatively charged particle moves toward the positive electrode. This movement, known as electrophoresis, varies with the strength of the electric field, the charge of the particle, the size and shape of the particle, and the buffer/polymer gel combination through which the protein is moving. The...
Match the following conditions with their definitions below: aplastic anemia mononucleosis sickle cell anemia hemochromatosis thalassemia...
Match the following conditions with their definitions below: aplastic anemia mononucleosis sickle cell anemia hemochromatosis thalassemia hemolytic anemia polycythemia vera hemophilia purpura 1. General increase in red blood cells (erythremia). 2. Excess iron deposits throughout the body 3. Hereditary condition characterized by abnormal crescent shape of erythrocytes and by destruction of red blood cells 4. Inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin, usually seen in persons of Mediterranean background 5. Infectious disease marked by increased numbers of leukocytes and...
The drug hydroxyurea can be used to treat sickle cell anemia, although it is not often...
The drug hydroxyurea can be used to treat sickle cell anemia, although it is not often used because of undesirable side effects. Hydroxyurea is thought to function by stimulating the afflicted person’s synthesis of fetal hemoglobin. In a clinical study, patients who took hydroxyurea showed a 50% reduction in frequency of hospital admissions for severe pain, and there was also a decrease in the frequency of fever and abnormal chest X-rays. Why would this drug alleviate the symptoms of sickle...
A mutation in one of the hemoglobin genes causes sickle cell anemia. The sickle cell allele,...
A mutation in one of the hemoglobin genes causes sickle cell anemia. The sickle cell allele, S, severely reduces fitness in people who are homozygotes, SS. In contrast, people with at least one normal hemoglobin allele, A, do not suffer the effects of sickle cell anemia, even if the individual is a heterozygote, AS. Interestingly, in areas with high rates of malaria, a single Sallele confers some resistance to malarial infection. Suppose there is a population with the observed and...
Sickle-cell anemia is caused by a single point mutation in the hemoglobin of human red blood cells. It is a recessive gene. People who have sickle cell anemia are homozygous recessive and suffer terribly from this disorde
Sickle-cell anemia is caused by a single point mutation in the hemoglobin of human red blood cells. It is a recessive gene. People who have sickle cell anemia are homozygous recessive and suffer terribly from this disorder. Now I have stated in lecture that mutations are neither good nor bad. Rather it depends on how the mutation effects the survival of the species. If the mutation harms the survival of the species it is bad, if it helps the survival...
2. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium; chi-square test Sickle cell anemia is a recessive disorder caused by a recessive...
2. Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium; chi-square test Sickle cell anemia is a recessive disorder caused by a recessive mutation (S) in the b-hemoglobin gene. 80% of affected SS individuals die before reproducing. Heterozygotes (AS) and homozygous dominant (AA) individuals do not have sickle cell anemia. The table below shows the number of people of each genotype in a population of 100 people in population of Cameroon. Observed # individuals in a Cameroon population AA AS SS 62 32 6 What are the...
Detection of Sickle-Cell Disease by Gel Electrophoresis Firee samples of hemoglobin have been subjected to protein gel electrophoresis. Protein gel electrophoresis different composition. ) is carried out in the same manner as DNA gel electrophoresis (see Fig. 10.8) except the gel hasa 1. Sickle-cell hemoglobin (Hb) migrates more Figure 10.10 Gel slowly toward the positive pole than normal hemoglobin (Hb) because the amino acid valine has no polar R groups, whereas the amino acid +Pole glutamic acid does have a...
A mutation in one of the hemoglobin genes causes sickle cell anemia. The sickle cell allele, S, severely reduces fitness in people who are homozygotes, SS. In contrast, people with at least one normal hemoglobin allele, A, do not suffer the effects of sickle cell anemia, even if the individual is a heterozygote, AS. Interestingly, though, in areas with a high rate of malaria, heterozygotes that carry the sickle cell allele have a higher fitness than do individuals that are...
Sickle-cell Anemia Study Sickle-cell anemia or Sickle-cell disease, is a hereditary disorder. characterized by aryabnormality in the oxygen-carrying hemoglobin molecule in erythrocytes. Sickle-cell conditions have an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance from parents. The sickle cell defect is a mutation of a single nucleotide of the hemoglobin B gene, which results in glutamic acid being substituted by a different amino acid at position 6. Hemoglobin with this mutation is referred to as Hbs, as opposed to the normal hemoglobin HbA....
Match the following conditions with their definitions below: aplastic anemia mononucleosis sickle cell anemia hemochromatosis thalassemia hemolytic anemia polycythemia vera hemophilia purpura 1. General increase in red blood cells (erythremia). 2. Excess iron deposits throughout the body 3. Hereditary condition characterized by abnormal crescent shape of erythrocytes and by destruction of red blood cells 4. Inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin, usually seen in persons of Mediterranean background 5. Infectious disease marked by increased numbers of leukocytes and...
A mutation in one of the hemoglobin genes causes sickle cell anemia. The sickle cell allele, S, severely reduces fitness in people who are homozygotes, SS. In contrast, people with at least one normal hemoglobin allele, A, do not suffer the effects of sickle cell anemia, even if the individual is a heterozygote, AS. Interestingly, in areas with high rates of malaria, a single Sallele confers some resistance to malarial infection. Suppose there is a population with the observed and...
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