Question

Search your local newspaper or any of the heath care websites we have studied (for example, the IHI News Page). Find a local or national controversy related to healthcare. Topics or areas of focus might include economics (healthcare costs and coverage), politics (current developments in healthcare reform), or social issues (breakouts of disease, healthcare access, or health disparities). In your initial post,

1. Describe the controversy in detail.
2. Provide a reference or link to an article that discusses it.
3. Summarize one opinion about this controversy.
4. Summarize another opinion that OPPOSES the first one you described.

Answer 1

1.controversy related to social issue-

i)Nipah virus outbreaks in the WHO Southeast Asia Region

Nipah virus encephalitis is an emerging infectious disease of Public Health importance in the WHO south-east Asia region. Bangladesh and India have reported human cases of nipah virus encephalitis .Indonesia and Thailand have identified antibodies against nipah virus in the bat population and the source of the virus has been isolated.

The first identification of nipah virus as the cause of an outbreak of encephalitis was reported in 2001 in Meherpur, Bangladesh. After that the nipah outbreaks have been identified in Naogoan(2003), Rajbari and Faridpur (2004), tangail (2005),thakurgaon (2007),manikganj (2008),Rongpur (2009),Faridpur (2010), Dinajpur (2011) joypurhat 2012.

Up to 31st March 2012 a total of 209 cases of nipah virus infection in Bangladesh where reported ;161(77%) of them died.

India reported two outbreaks of nipah virus encephalitis in the eastern state of West Bengal in 2001 and 2007. 71 cases with 50 deaths were reported in two outbreaks.

During January and February 2001 an outbreak of febrile illness was observed in Siliguri ,West Bengal. Nipah virus specific IgM and igG antibodies were detected in 9 out of 18th patient.

A second outbreak reported in 2007 in Nadia district of West Bengal .30 cases of fever with acute respiratory distress were reported and five cases were fatal.

In 2018 nipah virus outbreak was reported form Kozhikode district of Kerala India. there have been 17 deaths and 18 confirm cases as of 1st June 2018. The two affected districts are Kozhikode and Mallapuram.

ii)controversy on Zika virus-

The Zika virus captured the attention of both the public and infectious disease experts alike in 2016 as of November, 30 the CDC had tallied 1172 zika infections among pregnant women in United States. The infections have resulted in the delivery of 32 infants with birth defects. AnAn addition 5 foetuses with birth defects were lost din pregnancy due to zika.

In October doctor Frieden, director of the CDC described the spread of pathogens like zika as the "new normal" in an age of global travel and trade Dense metropolises and climate change.

Emerging disease like zika in 2016 and a Ebola in 2014 will continue to present problems for hospitals as they encounter communities have yet to be developed.

2.Reference-

i)http://www.searo.who.int/entity/emerging_diseases/links/nipah_virus/en/

ii)https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/quality/10-top-patient-safety-issues-for-2017.html