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6 of 13 > The figures illustrate the production possibilities available to Kate and Sarah with eight hours of labor in their
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Answer #1
Bread Cakes
Kate 4 8
Sarah 12 9

From the production possibilities diagram above, I have taken the maximum production amount both Kate and Sarah can produce if they spend 8 hours of labor in their bakery.

Looking at the opportunity costs for both Kate and Sarah:

Bread Cakes
Kate 4 = 8/4 = 2 8 = 4/8 = 1/2 = 0.5
Sarah 12 = 9/12 = 3/4 = 0.75 9 = 12/9 = 4/3 = 1.33

For Kate, 1 Bread = sacrificing 2 Cakes and for Sarah, 1 Bread = sacrificing 0.75 cakes. Since Sarah has to sacrifice less cakes to produce 1 Bread, Sarah has a comparative advantage in bread.

For Kate, 1 Cake = sacrificing 0.5 bread and for Sarah, 1 Cake = sacrificing 1.33 bread. Since Kate has to sacrificie less bread to produce 1 cake, than Sarah, Kate has a comparative advantage in cakes.

To summarise,

Kate has a comparative advantage in Option D - cake.

Sarah has a comparative advantage in Option C - bread.

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