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Using rendition of Internal Control under, discuss in your own words what you understand by the...

Using rendition of Internal Control under, discuss in your own words what you understand by the term ”Internal Control”. What are the management’s and internal auditor’s responsibilities with respect to internal controls? Give suitable examples
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Internal control refers to a process for assuring achievement of an company's goal's in operational efficiency and effectiveness, reliable financial reporting, and compliance with regulations, laws, and policies. An effective internal control over financial reporting in a company gives reasonable assurance in regard to the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes

Internal control includes the checks, procedures, tools, systems adopted by the management to ensure the prevention of frauds, integrity of financial information, safeguarding of assets, errors, etc. Without an adequate internal control in place there is no manner to trace the root causes that created the shrinkage in the business. A sound system of internal control mandates with an evaluation of the nature and extent of risks at periodic intervals, and remains flexible for the adaption of changes in the risk environment. An efficient management program stipulates requirements of internal control that need compliance while making strategic positioning or taking decisions related to organisation expansions, portfolio adjustments, and other important concerns. For example: proper authorization, separation of duties, physical control over assets, and adequate documentation.

An auditor is highly likely to be concerned with internal control policies and procedures that give reasonable assurance about the entity's ability to process and summarize financial data. Auditors have to mainly focus on internally arising risks, especially risks arising from dishonesty or incompetence. The five main elements on which auditor are most concerned with control environment, risk assessment, information activities and communication system, control activities and monitoring of control. Examples of internal controls relevant to an audit include password systems for control on the accounting software, bank reconciliation and inventory observations.

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