Question

A 50 year old male is evaluated in the emergency room for a complaint of dyspnea. The dyspnea has become worse over many years but today it is especially bad. He reports a history of smoking. His breath sounds are clear but greatly diminished throughout his lungs. ABG's peak flow test (PF), VQ scan and chest X-ray (CXR) are completed. Results are below. ph 7.48, PCO2:30, HCO324, PO280, SO2 94% PF 50% , V/Q 0.8, CXR shows hyperinflated aveoli and air trapping .

Putting together all information given, what is the most likely diagnosis on this patient?

a). CHRONIC BRONCHITIS

b). EMPHYSEMA

C). PULMONARY EMBOLUS

D). PULMONARY EDEMA

Answer 1

b). EMPHYSEMA

• Emphysema is a lung condition, where air sacs or alveoli are damaged.
• The major presentation of this illness is shortness of breath or dyspnea.
• The condition usually worsens over the years and symptomatic presentation usually begins by 40-60 yrs of age.
• Smoking is the primary cause for emphysema.
• The Chest Xray of emphysematous patient show Hyperinflated alveoli causing air trapping .
• The ABG shows Respiratory acidosis and the cause for it can be hyperventilation, which usually emphysematous lungs do to maintain the oxygen status of the blood.