Question

Teaching diabetes mellitus clients’ importance to maintain normal blood glucose levels?

Answer 1

Diabetes and normal blood glucose level maintenance importance:

Diabetes is a metabolic disease it is mainly happens due to the high levels of glucose (blood sugar) in the blood or inadequate production of insulin. When the blood glucose levels are too high then B cells in the ilets of the langerhans, in the pancrease will secrete insulin. Insulin is a protein hormone that is secreted into the blood and make muscle cell absorbs more glucose. When the blood glucose levels are too low then a cells in the ilets of the langerhans, in the pancrease will secrete hormone glucagon. The high glucose levels of blood are antagonistically regulated by insulin and glucogon. Normal person’s glucose levels in blood are nearly demonstrated between 3.9 and 5.5 mmol/L (70 to 100 mg/dL). If the insulin levels are low or absent, then the glucose concentration in the plasma exceeds and the uncontrolled glucose concentration leads to many diseases.

Diabetes affect on other parts:

In our body the diabetes can leads to long term complications and this damage is referred as diabetic complications.

In diabetes nerves and blood vessels are highly affected, so gradually other body parts may affect. However, certain parts of our body are affected more than other parts, including the:

Heart and blood vessels

Eyes

Kidneys

Patient teaching: Blood glucose monitoring is important for the people having diabetes mellitus. The levels of glucose in the blood are checked through this method. The glucose level is checked by first drawing the blood by piercing the finger. Then this sample is applied to a test strip. This strip is chemically active and is disposable.

Patients having Type 1 diabetes should test their blood sugar 3 to 10 times a day. This is done to check the effect of previous dose and also to determine the next dose. The result is should always be written down and tracked. This is done to check too high or two low levels. Also, one gets to know if the problem is occurring at a same time of the day. if this is noticed, the insulin dose regimen needs to be changed.

Type II diabetes: It is happens due to the disorder in the metabolism characterized by elevated blood sugar levels, insulin resistance with symptoms of increased thirst (Polydipsia), urination (Polyuria), weight loss, tired, hunger (Polyphagia) etc. It mostly occurs in obese patients. Type 2 usually affects adults, but it can begin at any time in your life.

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