Question

8 yrs old girl has flu. She had a fever, sore throat, and fatigue. Please writer 5 intervention for hyperthermia, throat irritation, and fatigue backed by a scientific rationale(academic reference) not less than 5 yrs  

Answer 1

Ans) Interventions for hyperthermia:

1. Assess vitals

   • Note presence of fever. Elevated heart rate and breathing may indicate fever or dehydration. Get baseline to determine if interventions are effective

2. Assess skin for signs of dehydration

   • Skin may be dry, hot or flushed; note capillary refill and observe for dry mouth, cracked lips or crying without tears. Assess skin turgor for tenting.

3. Obtain history from parent or caregiver to determine cause

   • The cause and time of onset of symptoms helps to determine the appropriate course of action.

4. Monitor intake and output

   • Determine fluid balance; monitor for and measure vomiting or diarrhea; note amount and color of urine (darker with dehydration)

5. Remove excess clothing or blankets, educate parents/caregivers

   • Infants are especially sensitive to over-bundling as they are unable to regulate temperature.
     
     Often when infants are ill, parents will bundle them up, but don’t realize they are making things worse.

6. Encourage oral fluid intake; administer IV fluids if necessary

   • Oral fluid intake may be in the form of breastfeeding or bottle feeding in infants. Offer snacks and liquids frequently and monitor patient’s response, especially with vomiting and diarrhea.
     
     Children may be more responsive to frozen juice bars, ice pops or flavored gelatin. IV fluid replacement may be required if patient is resistant to or cannot tolerate oral intake.

Interventions for throat Irritation:

Assess of the general condition-

• provides baseline data to plan care of action

Provide warm gargles, lozenges-

• Soothes throat

Administer medication as per Doctor orders:

• ​​​​​​Provides systemic Relief

Interventions for fatigue:

Evaluate the patient’s description of fatigue: severity, changes in severity over time, aggregating factors or alleviating factors

• Using an appropriate quantitative scoring scale, 1 to 10 for example, can aid the patient formulate the amount of fatigue experienced.

Review results of laboratory or diagnostic test:

1. Blood glucose
2. Hemoglobin/hematocrit
3. BUN
4. Oxygen saturation, resting and with activity

• Changes in these physiological measures may be associated with other measurement data to recognize possible sources of the patient’s fatigue.

Restrict environmental stimuli, especially during planned times for rest and sleep.

• Vivid lighting, noise, visitors, numerous distractions, and litter in the patient’s physical surroundings can limit relaxation, disturb rest or sleep, and contribute to fatigue.

Aid the patient with developing a schedule for daily activity and rest. Emphasize the importance of frequent rest periods.

• A plan that balances periods of activity with periods of rest can aid the patient complete preferred activities without contributing to levels of fatigue

Teach energy conservation methods:

• Patients and caregivers may need to learn skills for delegating tasks to others, setting priorities, and clustering care to use available energy to complete desired activities.

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