Question

5. Discuss the actions, side effects, contraindications, and nursing implications of the following medications in the treatment of asthma: albuterol, atrovent, epinephrine, prednisolone, prednisone, solumedrol, magnesium sulfate, sodium bicarbonate. 6. Discuss the following treatment modalities for the treatment of asthma and note when each is indicated: aerosolized medications by nebulizer, metered-dose inhaler, oxygen, heliox therapy, BiPap. 7. Discuss consent for treatment of a minor. How does the nurse proceed if the parent is unreachable?

Answer 1

Q. No. 5. Answer :

Albuterol :

Action : It activates the beta 2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs, which causes for brochodilatation by relaxing of the smooth muscles of the air way.

Side effects :

* Head ache

* dizziness,

* Insomnia

* cough

* horseness

* sore throat

* Runny and stof nose

* Nausea and vomiting.

Contraindications :

* Hypersensitivity

* Cardiac Dysrhythmia

* Tachycardia

* Tachycardia dysrhythmia.

Nursing implications :

* Educate the patients to avoid exposure to exposure to the conditions that precipitating the bronchospasm like, smoking, stress, pollutants, allergic dust ect.

* Administer antiemitics.

* educate to intake of adequate fluids.

* Avoid excessive heat, fatigue, extreme temperature and caffeine.

Epinephrine :

Action : By stimulating the alpha adrenergic receptors, it will causes the vasoconstriction, so that blood pressure is increases, the main action is adrenergic alpha agonist and adrenergic beta agonist.

Side effects :

* Breathing problems

* nausea

* vomiting

* pale skin

* sweating

* weakness and tremors

* throbbing

* head ache

* feeling nervous ect.

Contraindications :

* narrow angle glaucoma

* Individuals with severe brain damage

* shock

* coronary insufficiency

* Labour ect.

Nursing implications :

* monitor blood pressure,

* monitor peripheral pulse.

* maintain Intake and out put chart.

* closely observe for hypersensitivity reaction.

Q. No. 2. Answer :

Aerosolized medications by nebulizer used to loosen the thick productive cough patients to loosen the secretions.

For mild to moderate exacerbations we can use metered dose inhaler.

Oxygen should be administered during in hypoxemic state.

Hiliox therapy used in upper airway obstruction, used to reduce airway resistance and airway muscle.

Q. No. 3. Answer :

The person or patient whose age below 18 years, and whose parents are not available to give consent to provide treatment, that type of consent taken from the minors only that is called treatment of minor.

The nurse is proceed like by taking sign on the consent, if the parent is not reachable.

And the persons who are on medicaid they no need to give consent by patients.