Discuss the queue data structure What are its unique structural and behav- ioral concepts? What are its most frequently used meth- ods? What implementations are provided? What practical applications does it support? Discuss the priority queue variant.
Homework Answers
Solution:
Stack Data Structure:
Stack is a straight information structure , in which inclusion and erasure happens on the highest point of stack. for instance a heap of textbook,if you need to keep a book on heap then it will be included top of heap and in the event that you need to expel a book from it will be expelled from top of heap of books.
digaram-
| book3 |
| book2 |
| book1 |
stack of books
adding a book 4 to stack-:
| book4 |
| book3 |
| book2 |
| book1 |
book4 has been added at the top of stack.
removing a book from stack-:
| book3 |
| book2 |
| book1 |
book4 has been removed from top.
Thus, insertion and deletion occurs at the top of stack.
Unique Structural behavioural Concepts:
it unique structural and behavioural concepts are -
on the basis of structure and behaviour,it is a collection of objects in a well defined manner ,which follows some rules to become part of collection like it will be added at top of collection and if removed the will be from top. Follows LIFO (last in first out) technique.
Most frequently used methods
Its most frequently used methods are-
- push() - push method is used to insert an element on the top of stack
- pop() - pop method is used to remove an element from the top of the stack.
Implementations Provided
- to add element in stack
- to remove element from stack
- to check whether stack is empty or not
- to return the top element from stack
- to return the bottom element from stack
Practical application of Stack
one of the most practical application application supported by stack is Function Calls in recursions.first called function is returned at last and last called function is value is returned fast. for example - computing factorial by recursion.
Parsing in compilers, Sorting numbers from decreasing to increasing order and vice versa.
Finding a path through maze using Stack
starting and target locations are considered and every move in the maze (left ,right ,up, down ) is tracked using stack .if a move is made and it keeps on and stored in stack and if a situation occurred like no opening square is available then pop() is applied until we get a path towards target,like this push and pop operation are applied to achieved target location in the maze.
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# CMPT 145: Linear ADTs
# Defines the Stack ADT
#
# A stack (also called a pushdown or LIFO stack) is a compound
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# to the LIFO (last-in first-out) protocol.
#
# Implementation:
# This implementation was designed to point out when ADT operations are
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"""
Purpose
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Return
an empty stack
"""
return '__Stack__',list()
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"""...
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# CMPT 145: Linear ADTs
# Defines the Stack ADT
#
# A stack (also called a pushdown or LIFO stack) is a compound
# data structure in which the data values are ordered according
# to the LIFO (last-in first-out) protocol.
#
# Implementation:
# This implementation was designed to point out when ADT operations are
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"""
Purpose
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Return
an empty stack
"""
return '__Stack__',list()
def is_empty(stack):
"""...
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