Question

HW8-Practice: Problem 5 Problem Value: 1 point(s). Problem Score: 0%. Attempts Remaining: Unlimited. (1 point) A researcher is interested in whether the number of years of formal education is related to a person's decision to never smoke, continue to smoke, or quit smoking cigarettes. The data below represent the smoking status by level of education for residents of the United States 18 years or older from a random sample of 250 residents. Round all numeric answers to four decimal places. Smoking Status Education Level Current Former Never Less than high school 26 22 High school 7 14 24 Some College 20 4088 1. Select the name of the test that should be used to assess the hypotheses: Ho:"Smoking Status" is independent of "Education Level" HA: "Smoking Status" is not independent of Education Level" A. X2 goodness of fit B. X2 test of independence c. X2 test of a single variance 2. Under the null hypothesis, what is the expected number for people with an education of High school and a smoking status of Never? 3. Calculate the X2 test statistic.

Answer 1

1) option B

2)expected value =45*134/250 =24.1200

3)

Applying chi square test of independenc Expected Ei=row total*column total/grand total current former never Total less than high school 12.0840 14.3640 30.5520 57 high school 9.5400 11.3400 24.1200 45 some college 31.3760 37.2960 79.3280 148 total 53 63 134 250 chi square    χ2 =(Oi-Ei)2/Ei current former never Total less than high school 16.026 2.003 2.394 20.4227 high school 0.676 0.624 0.001 1.3008 some college 4.125 0.196 0.948 5.2686 total 20.8266 2.8231 3.3424 26.9921 test statistic X2 = 26.9921

4)

contribution =0.0006

5)

degree of freedom(df) =(rows-1)*(columns-1)=

4

6)

p value =

0.0000

7)

A. extremely strong evidence

8)

D. There must be an observed count of at least 5 in every cell of the table. E. The observations must be independent of one another.